Toxicological implications of mitochondrial localization of CYP2E1

Hartman, Jessica H.; Miller, Grover P.; Meyer, Joel N.

doi:10.1039/c7tx00020k

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…CYP2E1 is a membrane protein expressed at a high level that is primarily distributed in the ER and mitochondrial membrane (Bièche et al, 2007;Hartman et al, 2017). It is closely related to ER stress, which may be why lung injury in KO mice is not obvious after PM exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Real-Ambient PM2.5 Exposure on Lung Damage Modulated by Nrf2−/−

Ding

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Previous studies have shown that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the morbidity and mortality of pulmonary diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary emphysema. Oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in pulmonary damage caused by PM2.5. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) could regulate the expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes and is pivotal for protection against PM2.5-induced oxidative stress. In this study, a real-ambient exposure system was constructed with the outdoor ambient air in north China. Wild-type (WT) and Nrf2−/− (KO) mice were exposed to the real-ambient system for six weeks. After PM2.5 exposure, our data showed that the levels of inflammatory factors and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in WT and KO mice. Moreover, the lung function and pathological phenotype of the WT mice were altered but there was no obvious change in the Nrf2−/− mice. To further explore the potential molecular mechanisms, we performed RNA-sequencing. The RNA-sequence analysis results showed that the CYP450 pathway in the first ten pathways of KEGG was related to the metabolism of PM2.5. In WT and KO mice, the expression of CYP2E1 in the CYP450 pathway showed opposite trends after PM2.5 exposure. The data showed that the expression of the CYP2E1 gene in WT-PM mice increased while it decreased in KO-PM; the expression of the CYP2E1 protein showed a similar trend. CYP2E1 is primarily distributed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it could metabolize various exogenous substances attached to PM2.5 and produce highly toxic oxidation products closely related to ER stress. Consistently, the expression level of GRP94, a biomarker of ER stress, was increased in WT mice and reduced in KO mice under PM2.5 exposure. Persistent ER stress is a mechanism that causes lung damage under PM2.5 exposure. Nrf2 facilitates lung injury during PM2.5 exposure and CYP2E1 metabolism is involved in this process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Real-Ambient PM2.5 Exposure on Lung Damage Modulated by Nrf2−/−

Ding

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Total cell membranes were prepared because it has been shown that brain CYPs are present more in multiple membrane fractions, including microsomal, mitochondrial, and nuclear membranes [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The whole brain was used to prepare and extract brain membranes for further analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 Suppression Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Zhu

Kindy

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Despite existing strong evidence on oxidative markers overproduction following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the mechanism by which oxidative enzyme Cytochrome P450-2E1 (CYP2E1) contributes to I/R outcomes is not clear. In this study, we sought to evaluate the functional significance of CYP2E1 in I/R. CYP2E1 KO mice and controls were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo-90 min) followed by 24 h of reperfusion to induce focal I/R injury as an acute stage model. Then, histological and chemical analyses were conducted to investigate the role of CYP2E1 in lesion volume, oxidative stress, and inflammation exacerbation. Furthermore, the role of CYP2E1 on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was investigated by measuring 20-hydroxyecosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) activity, as well as, in vivo BBB transfer rate. Following I/R, the CYP2E1 KO mice exhibited a significantly lower lesion volume, and neurological deficits compared to controls (p < 0.005). Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration were significantly lower in the CYP2E1(−/−) I/R group (p < 0.001). The BBB damage was significantly lower in CYP2E1(−/−) mice compared to wild-type (WT) (p < 0.001), while 20-HETE production was increased by 41%. Besides, inflammatory cytokines expression and the number of activated microglia were significantly lower in CYP2E1(−/−) mice following I/R. CYP2E1 suppression ameliorates I/R injury and protects BBB integrity by reducing both oxidative stress and inflammation.

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“…The CYP-2 family mainly includes the CYP2B subfamily and CYP2E1. CYP2E1 metabolizes an extensive array of pollutants, drugs, and other small molecules, often resulting in bioactivation to reactive metabolites, which in turn damage mitochondria 37 . HgCl 2induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress is partially mediated through its effects on CYP2E1 38 .…”

Section: Effects Of Mercury Compounds On Cytochrome P450mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zuotai (β-HgS)-containing 70 Wei Zhen-Zhu-Wan differs from mercury chloride and methylmercury on hepatic cytochrome P450 in mice

Nie

et al. 2021

F1000Res

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Background: Zuotai (mainly β-HgS)-containing 70 Wei-Zhen-Zhu-Wan (70W, Rannasangpei) is a famous Tibetan medicine for treating cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases. We have shown that 70W protected against CCl4 hepatotoxicity. CCl4 is metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP) to produce reactive metabolites. Whether 70W has any effect on CYPs is unknown and such effects should be compared with mercury compounds for safety evaluation. Methods: Mice were given clinical doses of 70W (0.15-1.5 g/kg, po), Zuotai (30 mg/kg, po), and compared to HgCl2 (33.6 mg/kg, po) and MeHg (3.1 mg/kg, po) for seven days. Liver RNA and protein were isolated for qPCR and Western-blot analysis. Results: 70W and Zuotai had no effects on hepatic mRNA expression of Cyp1a2, Cyp2b10, Cyp3a11, Cyp4a10 and Cyp7a1, and corresponding nuclear receptors [aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα); farnesoid X receptor (FXR)]. In comparison, HgCl2 and MeHg increased mRNA expression of Cyp1a2, Cyp2b10, Cyp4a10 and Cyp7a1 except for Cyp3a11, and corresponding nuclear receptors except for PXR. Western-blot confirmed mRNA results, showing increases in CYP1A2, CYP2B1, CYP2E1, CYP4A and CYP7A1 by HgCl2 and MeHg only, and all treatments had no effects on CYP3A. Conclusions: Zuotai and Zuotai-containing 70W at clinical doses had minimal influence on hepatic CYPs and corresponding nuclear receptors, while HgCl2 and MeHg produced significant effects. Thus, the use of total Hg content to evaluate the safety of HgS-containing 70W is inappropriate.

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Toxicological implications of mitochondrial localization of CYP2E1

Cited by 28 publications

References 153 publications

Effects of Real-Ambient PM2.5 Exposure on Lung Damage Modulated by Nrf2−/−

Effects of Real-Ambient PM2.5 Exposure on Lung Damage Modulated by Nrf2−/−

Cytochrome P450 CYP2E1 Suppression Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Zuotai (β-HgS)-containing 70 Wei Zhen-Zhu-Wan differs from mercury chloride and methylmercury on hepatic cytochrome P450 in mice

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