Toxicological Properties of Lead

Damstra, Terri

doi:10.2307/3428488

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Lead exposure can contribute to many encephalopathic and neuropsychological defects and IQ lowering. [16][17][18][19] Lead toxicity is involved in the development of anemia, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, nephritis, improper tooth and bone development, diminished fertility. [17,19] A teratogenic effect was also observed, as well as an increased number of spontaneous abortions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18][19] Lead toxicity is involved in the development of anemia, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, nephritis, improper tooth and bone development, diminished fertility. [17,19] A teratogenic effect was also observed, as well as an increased number of spontaneous abortions. [20] There are some studies focusing on the creation of novel lead biosorbents by adsorbing cells on the active surface of immobilizing matrices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The immobilization ofArthrospira platensisbiomass in different matrices—A practical application for lead biosorption

Duda-Chodak

Wajda

Tarko

2013

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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The biosorption of lead by cyanobacteria (Arthrospira platensis) immobilized in different matrices was studied. This was the first time that sodium alginate, silica gel and agarose beads have been used for the removal of lead from solutions of the metal in concentrations ranging from 50 to 500 mg/L. The effect of pH in the range 4.0 to 5.5 on lead removal was also investigated. For the best biosorbent chosen from those mentioned above, lead biosorption in samples of real wastewater was examined. The maximum biosorption capacities (q) for cells immobilized in alginate, agarose and silica gel were 424.99 ± 16.73, 272.66 ± 7.54 and 2.68 ± 0.25 mg Pb/g dry matter of biosorbent, respectively. The initial pH of the solution as well as initial Pb(II) concentration had an influence on metal uptake. The highest lead sorption by alginate and agarose immobilized cells was reported at pH 5 and at initial lead concentration of 500 mg/L, while sorption by silica immobilized cells was the most effective at pH 4 and initial concentration of 100 mg Pb(II)/L. The reported lead uptake (about 165 mg/g dry weight) by cyanobacterial cells entrapped in sodium alginate was higher in real wastewater than in simulated wastewater of the same initial lead concentration. The results revealed that this new biosorbent system can be a promising candidate for eliminating Pb(II) from wastewater, and more detailed research should be carried out.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immobilization ofArthrospira platensisbiomass in different matrices—A practical application for lead biosorption

Duda-Chodak

Wajda

Tarko

2013

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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“…Increased BLL may decrease calcitriol concentration resulting in hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. [ 23 24 ] Elevated BLL also cause perturbation of PTH,[ 25 ] which has more direct effect on serum calcium and in the state of hypocalcemia, PTH secretion is stimulated which leads to increased serum PTH levels. Thus, it indicates that Pb is an endocrine modulator and can possibly be responsible for endocrine disturbances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood lead levels among the occupationally exposed workers and its effect on calcium and vitamin D metabolism: A case-control study

Batra

Thakur

Meena³

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Introduction: Lead (Pb) is one of the major occupational pollutants present in the developed and developing countries including India. In humans, Pb can cause a wide range of biological effects depending upon the level and duration of exposure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the blood lead levels (BLLs) and its associated effects on vitamin D and calcium metabolism, among the workers occupationally exposed to Pb. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted for a period of 18 months (January 2017 to July 2018). A total of 160 subjects were included in the study (80 in each, Pb-exposed group and control group). The blood Pb levels were quantified by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with triple quadrupole technology (iCAP™ TQ ICP-MS). Other biochemical parameters were estimated using fully automatic analyzer by RANDOX, RX-imola, Crumlin, UK and Johnson and Johnson, VITROS® ECiQ, Immunodiagnostic system, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, New Jersey, USA. Results: Upon analysis it was observed that serum calcium, phosphorous, and vitamin D levels were significantly decreased (8.35 ± 0.42 mg/dl, 3.07 ± 0.34 mg/dl, and 28.82 ± 10.81 ng/ml respectively; P < 0.001), whereas the BLL and serum iPTH levels were significantly increased (38.02 ± 19.92 μg/dl and 116.78 ± 19.93 pg/ml respectively; P < 0.001) in Pb exposed subjects as compared to control subjects. Conclusion: Our study results demonstrated that high BLL significantly alter vitamin D and calcium metabolism. The data extrapolated from our study emphasizes the necessity of surveillance in exposed workers. As the associated deleterious effects of Pb-exposure can be serious, we propose that a routine-periodical screening of the workers exposed to lead should be conducted.

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“…Lead is dispersed at trace-level concentration in the natural environment, but a variety of human activities concentrate lead so that an acute exposure can cause severe effects on growth, cognition, and many other physical parameters (Damstra, 1977). Chronic exposure to ambient lead in air, food, and water also produces detrimental effects on growth, cognition, and physiological parameters (Centers for Disease Control, 1991;Davis and Svendsgaard, 1987; for review see Needleman, 1992).…”

Section: The Interaction Of Cultural Stressors: Risk Focusingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture as a stressor: A revised model of biocultural interaction

Schell¹

1997

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Contemporary urban societies display in high relief the action of social stratification on human biology. Recent studies of biological responses to urban environments and of socioeconomically disadvantaged people indicate that culture allocates risks disproportionately to some individuals and groups within society through its constituent values and related patterns of behavior. Although risk allocation is present in all societies, it is very clear in urban environments within stratified societies where high exposure to harmful materials is many times more likely for some segments of society. In urban environments, culture may be seen as adding stressors to the environment by concentrating naturally occurring materials to levels that are toxic to humans and through the creation of new toxic materials. In stratified societies the risk of exposure to these new stressors is focused on the socioeconomically disadvantaged. This exposure has consequences that increase the likelihood of more exposure and more socioeconomic disadvantage, thereby increasing social stratification. This suggests that models of biocultural interaction include a feedback relationship in which biological factors influence the sociocultural system in addition to the usual action of the sociocultural system on biological features and responses. This model strongly reinforces the view that stressors can originate from cultural arrangements.

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Toxicological Properties of Lead

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

The immobilization ofArthrospira platensisbiomass in different matrices—A practical application for lead biosorption

The immobilization ofArthrospira platensisbiomass in different matrices—A practical application for lead biosorption

Blood lead levels among the occupationally exposed workers and its effect on calcium and vitamin D metabolism: A case-control study

Culture as a stressor: A revised model of biocultural interaction

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