Toxicology of acrylamide

McCollister, D.D.; Oyen, F.; Rowe, V. K.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(64)90103-6

Cited by 160 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…However, their use is increasingly most questioned due to: -environmental problems (Christopher et al, 1995;Kaggwa et al, 2001), primarily for the generation of toxic sludge that cannot be used in agriculture; -connection with cancer (Dearfield et al, 1964;McCollister et al, 1964;Mallevialle et al, 1984). Acrylamide, in particular, is classified as CMR substance (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic or Toxic for Reproduction) by health authorities.…”

Section: Use Of Coagulants and Flocculants: Advantages And Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

García-Fayos

Arnal

Monforte-Monleón³

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Arnal Arnal, JM.; Sancho Fernández, MP. (2015). Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed. Desalination and Water Treatment. 55(13):3635-3645. doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.939487. Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant-aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed Abstract:Drinking water treatment is a process based on multiple stages that has as main objective to provide water safe enough to be consumed by humans. Coagulation-flocculation is used to remove colloidal and suspended solids. This process improves the performance of subsequent stages (as sedimentation or filtration) as well as the water quality with a desired end-use. For many years, inorganic and organic synthetic polyelectrolytes have been used in coagulationflocculation processes. However, its use has been deeply studied recently to determine the potential impact of residual concentration of these substances over human health and the environment. Strict regulations limit the concentration of free residual monomer after the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM) in drinking water treatment and study the effect of the interaction of the residues with disinfection products. Therefore, in the last years there has been a resurgence of interest to use natural materials with the same performance that synthetic, but with lower hazard for the environment and humans. This work studies the use of the flocculant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed, in combination with Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC). The performance is compared with the combination PAC-PAM in terms of coagulant activity and physical-chemical quality of the water treated. Jar test were carried out using two types of natural water (with presence of bentonites) and different combinations of coagulant and flocculants. Results show that coagulant activity of PAC-Moringa combination is comparable with the results obtained with PAC-PAM, reducing initial turbidity up to 90% in all the tests. With regard to physical-chemical quality of the treated water, PAC-Moringa produces values under the drinking water quality standards for all the parameters analyzed. It is remarkable the decrease of 50% in the trihalomethanes formation potential rate shown for PAC-Moringa combination, observed when treating natural water with presence of bentonites. Therefore, the results obtain in this work encourage the use of Moringa oleifera extract as a natural, low cost, effective and low toxicity alternative to the use of synthetic organic polyelectrolytes as polyacrylamide for drinking water treatment.

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Section: Use Of Coagulants and Flocculants: Advantages And Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

García-Fayos

Arnal

Monforte-Monleón³

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…The improved photopolymer composition is shown to have holographic recording features similar to that of the standard Acrylamide (AA) based photopolymer [2], but with reduced toxicity due to the replacement low-toxicity monomer Diacetone Acrylamide [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. It has also shown to surpass the holographic recording capabilities of other recently developed low toxicity photopolymer materials [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glycerol on a diacetone acrylamide-based holographic photopolymer material

Cody¹,

Naydenova²,

Mihaylova³

2013

Appl. Opt.

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The composition of the low toxicity, environmentally-compatible Diacetone Acrylamide photopolymer has been modified with the inclusion of different additives. The addition of glycerol to the photopolymer composition is described. Results show that the incorporation of glycerol results in a uniform maximum refractive index modulation for recording intensities in the range of 1-20mW/cm 2 . This may be attributed to glycerol's nature as a plasticizer, which allows for faster diffusion of un-reacted monomer within the grating during holographic recording. An optimum recording intensity of 0.5mW/cm 2 is observed for exposure energies of 20-60mW/cm 2 . The modified photopolymer achieves a refractive index modulation of 2.2x10 -3 , with diffraction efficiencies up to 90% in 100µm layers. Glycerol has also shown to reduce the rate of photobleaching of the diacetone acrylamide photopolymer. This is possibly due to more prevalent inhibition effects caused by increased oxygenation of the photopolymer layers. The stability of the photopolymer samples is also improved with the addition of glycerol.

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“…Six cases of aerylamide poisoning were also reported in the United Kingdom by Garland (1967) . Kuperman (1958) and McCollister et al (1964) clarified the nature of acrylamide injury to the central nervous system through their excellent animal experiments . Kuperman found that intoxication occurred following administration of a definite amount of acrylamide after a definite latent period , without regard to the oral, subcutaneous or intravenous route, and is characterized by ataxia and cramp .…”

Section: Af-2 As An Acrylamide Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to him the locus of affection might be the midbrain , especially the tegmentum. McCollister et al (1964) showed that administration of a larger amount shortened the latent period prior to the manifestation of intoxication . They noticed that ataxia was not necessarily of central origin , but of peripheral nature.…”

Section: Af-2 As An Acrylamide Derivativementioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analysis on toxicity of a nitrofuran derivative, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide.

Takahashi

1975

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Toxicology of acrylamide

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

Effect of glycerol on a diacetone acrylamide-based holographic photopolymer material

Statistical analysis on toxicity of a nitrofuran derivative, 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide.

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