Toxicology of baytril (enrofloxacin)

Babaahmady, Ebrahim

doi:10.5897/ajps11.065

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In 2010, we isolated the affected chicks(s) at the first clinical sign of a bacterial infection and orally administered 10 mg enrofloxacin/kg of body mass for 7 d. We also treated water with 30 ml/3.78 L of sulfamethoxacole, but found that the bacteria responsible (see results) were resistant to sulfamethoxacole, and discontinued this treatment. In 2011, we instituted a proactive approach by administering the aforementioned dosage of enrofloxacin to all chicks from hatch to 5 d and because enrofloxacin is effective against a majority of the bacteria we encountered [Babaahmady and Khosravi, ]. A negative side effect of enrofloxacin use is its effectiveness against normal gut microflora [Johnson and Nicholson, ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive‐rearing of Gunnison sage‐grouse from egg collection to adulthood to foster proactive conservation and recovery of a conservation‐reliant species

Apa

Wiechman

2015

Zoo Biology

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Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus) are distributed across southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah, United States. Their distribution has decreased over the past century and the species has been listed as threatened by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Reduced genetic diversity, small population size, and isolation may affect Gunnison sage-grouse population persistence. Population augmentation can be used to counteract or mitigate these issues, but traditional translocation efforts have yielded mixed, and mostly unsuccessful, results. Captive-rearing is a viable, although much debated, conservation approach to bolster wild conservation-reliant species. Although there have been captive-rearing efforts with greater sage-grouse (C. urophasianus), to date, no information exists about captive-rearing methods for Gunnison sage-grouse. Therefore, we investigated techniques for egg collection, artificial incubation, hatch, and captive-rearing of chicks, juveniles, subadults, and adults for Gunnison sage-grouse. In 2009 we established a captive flock that produced viable eggs. From 2009-2011, we collected and artificially incubated 206 Gunnison sage-grouse eggs from 23 wild and 14 captive females. Our hatchability was 90%. Wild-produced eggs were heavier than captive-produced eggs and lost mass similarly during incubation. We produced 148 chicks in captivity and fed them a variety of food sources (e.g. invertebrates to commercial chow). Bacterial infections were the primary cause of chick mortality, but we successfully reduced the overall mortality rate during the course of our study. Conservationists and managers should consider the utility in developing a captive-rearing program or creating a captive population as part of a proactive conservation effort for the conservation-reliant Gunnison sage-grouse.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Captive‐rearing of Gunnison sage‐grouse from egg collection to adulthood to foster proactive conservation and recovery of a conservation‐reliant species

Apa

Wiechman

2015

Zoo Biology

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“…ENRO belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics that could inhibit DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV (topo IV), which are required by bacteria to perform DNA replication. This inhibition produces a cytotoxic effect on the target cells (Babaahmady and Khosravi 2011). Study on resistance genes, susceptibility to antibiotics, and development of resistance to Aeromonas spp.…”

Section: Development Of Resistance By Aeromonas Spp Based On the Mbcs...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased walking catfish (Clarias sp.)

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Mulia DS, Isnansetyo A, Pratiwi R, Asmara W. 2021. Antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased walking catfish (Clarias sp.). Biodiversitas 22: 4839-4846. Aeromonas spp. is known to be pathogenic to freshwater fish, including catfish. Antibiotics are often used to overcome bacterial attacks. However, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, especially at incorrect doses and frequencies, could result in the emergence of resistant bacteria. The presence of resistance genes is also suspected to trigger the resistance potential of Aeromonas sp. against antibiotics. The objective of this study is to characterize the resistance genes of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased walking catfish (Clarias sp.). Ten Aeromonas spp. were isolated from infected walking catfish cultivated in Java. The resistance genes assessed included tetA, strA-strB, and qnrA. The antibiotics tested consisted of ampicillin (AMP), erythromycin (ERY), oxytetracycline (OXT), kanamycin (KAN), enrofloxacin (ENRO), and chloramphenicol (CHL). Results showed that some Aeromonas spp. had at least one out of the three genes assessed (i.e., tetA and strA-strB) but none had the qnrA gene. Aeromonas spp. were sensitive to KAN, ENRO, and CHL but resistant to AMP, ERY, and OXT. Thus, KAN, ENRO, and CHL are effective antibiotics for treating fish infected with Aeromonas spp.

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“…FQs have been shown to be effective in the treatment against Chlamydia spp., Staphylococcus aureus , E. coli , Salmonella spp., and mycoplasma spp., which usually cause septic arthritis ( Guardabassi, Jensen & Kruse, 2009 ). Enro and Mar were approved for veterinary use for dogs in 1998 ( Babaahmady & Khosravi, 2011 ; Sárközy, 2001 ; Babaahmady & Khosravi, 2011 ; Pallo-Zimmerman, Byron & Graves, 2010 ), respectively. With different substituents at the R-1, R-7, and X-8 positions on the quinolone central ring system, they have a large difference in terms of molecular structure, antibacterial activity, spectrum, and pharmacokinetic properties ( Andriole, 2005 ; Domagala, 1994 ; Farca et al, 2007 ; Hong, Kim & Kim, 1997 ; Pallo-Zimmerman, Byron & Graves, 2010 ; Peterson, 2001 ; Šeol, 2005 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of two fluoroquinolones and their combinations with hyaluronan effect inin vitrocanine cartilage explants

Siengdee

Pradit

Chomdej

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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Background Previous studies reported the effect of enrofloxacin (Enro) and marbofloxacin (Mar) on cell death and alteration of the key genes involved in catabolic and anabolic processes and demonstrated the beneficial effects of hyaluronan (HA) combined with fluoroquinolones (FQs) on primary canine chondrocytes. This study further determines the effects of these treatments on canine cartilage explants in both normal and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-stimulated conditions. Methods We examined sulfate glycosaminoglycan (s-GAG) release, uronic acid (UA) content, and safranin-O staining, as well as the expression patterns of inflammatory, extracellular matrix (ECM) component and enzymes. Results Enro treatment alone effectively stimulated proteoglycan anabolism by increasing UA content and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in normal and pre-IL-1β-stimulated explant, whereas Mar showed opposite results. The combination of HA and FQs increased s-GAG release and UA content in normal explants in addition to effective down-regulated expression of MMP3. HA reduced the adverse effects of Mar by enhancing UA and GAG contents in both normal and pre-IL-1β-explants. Moreover, HA effectively induced HAS1and ACANup-regulation and reduced MMP9, TNF, PTGS2,and NFKB1 expression for a long term. Discussion Our results suggest the direct effects of Enro and Mar may selectively stimulate the conditioned explants to express MMP-codinggenes and promote gene expression involved in matrix production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and cell degradation in different directions. HA successfully reduced the adverse effects of FQs by enhancing s-GAG and UA contents and down-regulated expression of MMPs.

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Toxicology of baytril (enrofloxacin)

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Captive‐rearing of Gunnison sage‐grouse from egg collection to adulthood to foster proactive conservation and recovery of a conservation‐reliant species

Captive‐rearing of Gunnison sage‐grouse from egg collection to adulthood to foster proactive conservation and recovery of a conservation‐reliant species

Antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from diseased walking catfish (Clarias sp.)

Determination of two fluoroquinolones and their combinations with hyaluronan effect inin vitrocanine cartilage explants

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