“…Essential oil components (EOCs) are classified into four classes according to their chemical structure: terpenes, terpenoids, phenylpropenes, and others. They may also contain a diversity of functional groups such as hydrocarbons (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons); oxygenated compounds (monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and other oxygenated compounds); and sulphur and nitrogen-containing compounds (thioesters, sulfides, isothiocyanates and nitrile) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Components of essential oils exert their activities (mode of action) on pests in a neurotoxic way, for example, like gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), insect growth regulator (IGR), octopamine synapses (OS), impending digestive enzymes, inhibition of glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochromes P450 (CYPs), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors for effective control in pre-and post-harvest agricultural techniques [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”