Toxins of Foodborne Pathogen Bacillus cereus and the Regulatory Factors Controlling the Biosynthesis of Its Toxins

Navaneethan, Yugenraj; Effarizah, Mohd Esah; Ismail, Norli

doi:10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-12

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The cesPTABCD is transcribed as a polycistronic transcript from the main ces promoter located upstream of cesP and cesH is transcribed from its own promoter, which controls cereulide formation on a transcriptional level [ 12 , 13 ]. CesP encodes phosphotransferase to activate NRPS; the structural genes of cesA and cesB can integrate amino acid monomers into polypeptide chains which play an important role in the structure formation of cereulide [ 1 , 14 ]. Furthermore, cereulide-NRPS is the result of a complex and multi-layered process and is tightly regulated by the metabolite-responsive transcriptional regulators of AbrB, Spo0A, and CodY [ 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature, pH, and aw on Cereulide Synthesis and Regulator Genes Transcription with Respect to Bacillus cereus Growth and Cereulide Production

Wang,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Toxins

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Bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen that can produce cereulide in the growth period, which causes food poisoning symptoms. Due to its resistance to heat, extreme pH, and proteolytic enzymes, cereulide poses a serious threat to food safety. Temperature, pH, and aw can influence cereulide production, but there is still a lack of research with multi-environmental impacts. In this study, the effects of temperature (15~45 °C), pH (5~8), and aw (0.945~0.996) on the emetic reference strain B. cereus F4810/72 growth, cereulide production, relevant ces genes (cesA, cesB, cesP), and transcription regulators genes (codY and abrB) expression at transcription level were studied. B. cereus survived for 4~53 h or grew to 6.85~8.15 log10 CFU/mL in environmental combinations. Cereulide accumulation was higher in mid-temperature, acidic, or high aw environments. Increased temperature resulted in a lower cereulide concentration at pH 8 or aw of 0.970. The lowest cereulide concentration was found at pH 6.5 with an increased aw from 0.970 to 0.996. Water activity had a strong effect on transcriptional regulator genes as well as the cesB gene, and temperature was the main effect factor of cesP gene expression. Moreover, environmental factors also impact cereulide synthesis at transcriptional levels thereby altering the cereulide concentrations. The interaction of environmental factors may result in the survival of B. cereus without growth for a period. Gene expression is affected by environmental factors, and temperature and pH may be the main factors influencing the correlation between B. cereus growth and cereulide formation. This study contributed to an initial understanding of the intrinsic link between the impact of environmental factors and cereulide formation and provided valuable information for clarifying the mechanism of cereulide synthesis in combined environmental conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature, pH, and aw on Cereulide Synthesis and Regulator Genes Transcription with Respect to Bacillus cereus Growth and Cereulide Production

Wang,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Toxins

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“…The purpose of this study is to identify amino acids that would significantly contribute to xylitol production from xylose by recombinant E. coli system. Navaneethan et al (2021) claimed that group A amino acids consisting of valine, leucine, and threonine are essential for bacterial growth. The addition of 20 different amino acids supplemented individually in cultures was observed through the effect of amino acids and codon usage of XR with aim to further enhance xylitol output.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Effect of Amino Acid on Xylitol Production By Recombinant Escherichia coli System

Muhamad Fuzi,

Zahari,

Hong Puay

et al. 2023

BBT

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Numerical studies have been conducted to sources for safer biological methods to produce xylitol. In view of these concerns and the benefits of xylitol, a fermentation process that is formulated to yield highest xylitol is both favourable and profitable. In this study, recovery of xylitol production from xylose by recombinant Escherichia coli system was conducted by modulating both carbon source and amino acid composition of the media for the relative growth delay of the strain. The key enzyme for xylitol production in this recombinant system is xylose reductase, XR which utilize NADPH to reduce D-xylose to xylitol. By adding 20 types of amino acids individually and substituting glycerol as the carbon source each time, showed an increase of xylitol to 5.24 g/L and yield biomass production to 1.536. It is hypothesize that supply of single amino acid act as a tool to enhance (NAD(P)H)/(NADP+) ratio. Reduced NAD(P)H competition from other bioprocesses help the cell replenishes the reduced cofactor pool. Xylitol has a remarkable benefits as a healthy replacement of table sugar. Therefore, the success of this study will definitely bring forward advance in the production technology and act as a reference for future research.

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Valorization of Sugarcane Bagasse for Co-Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Bacteriocin Using Bacillus cereus Strain S356

Khamberk,

Thammasittirong,

Thammasittirong

2024

Polymers

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Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) is an attractive biodegradable plastic alternative to petroleum-based plastic. However, the cost of microbial-based bioplastic production mainly lies in the cultivation medium. In this study, we screened the isolates capable of synthesizing P(3HB) using sugarcane bagasse (SCB) waste as a carbon source from 79 Bacillus isolates that had previously shown P(3HB) production using a commercial medium. The results revealed that isolate S356, identified as Bacillus cereus using 16S rDNA and gyrB gene analysis, had the highest P(3HB) accumulation. The highest P(3HB) yield (5.16 g/L, 85.3% of dry cell weight) was achieved by cultivating B. cereus S356 in an optimal medium with 1.5% total reducing sugar with SCB hydrolysate as the carbon source and 0.25% yeast extract as the nitrogen source. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed the accumulation of approximately 3–5 P(3HB) granules in each B. cereus S356 cell. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses confirmed that the polymer extracted from B. cereus S356 was P(3HB). Notably, during cultivation for P(3HB) plastic production, B. cereus S356 also secreted bacteriocin, which had high antibacterial activity against the same species (Bacillus cereus). Overall, this work demonstrated the possibility of co-producing eco-friendly biodegradable plastic P(3HB) and bacteriocin from renewable resources using the potential of B. cereus S356.

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Toxins of Foodborne Pathogen Bacillus cereus and the Regulatory Factors Controlling the Biosynthesis of Its Toxins

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Effect of Temperature, pH, and aw on Cereulide Synthesis and Regulator Genes Transcription with Respect to Bacillus cereus Growth and Cereulide Production

Effect of Temperature, pH, and aw on Cereulide Synthesis and Regulator Genes Transcription with Respect to Bacillus cereus Growth and Cereulide Production

Screening Effect of Amino Acid on Xylitol Production By Recombinant Escherichia coli System

Valorization of Sugarcane Bagasse for Co-Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Bacteriocin Using Bacillus cereus Strain S356

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