Toxoplasma in Animals, Food, and Humans: An Old Parasite of New Concern

Cenci‐Goga, Beniamino T.; Rossitto, Paul V.; Sechi, Paola; McCrindle, C.M.E.; Cullor, James S

doi:10.1089/fpd.2010.0795

Cited by 142 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Previous studies conducted in Aden, Yemen [12], Ethiopia [4], Tunis [24], Brazil [27] and East Asia [21] have reported a significant association between contact with cats and toxoplasmosis. The cat is the definitive host of T. gondii [27] and avoidance of contact with cats is considered to be the key for control of toxoplasmosis [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Al-Eryani

Al-Mekhlafi

Al-Shibani

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Although toxoplasmosis is an important public health problem, there is scarcity of data on the disease available from Yemen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in health facilities to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen. Methodology: A total of 593 pregnant women were included and examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies (Ab) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Bio and socio-demographic data were collected by pre-tested structured questionnaires through face-to-face interviews. Results: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 45.4% (95% confidence interval: 41%-49%). The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 43.7 (95% CI: 40-%48%) and 9.1% (95% CI: 7%-12%), respectively. About 7.4 (95% CI: 6%-10%) of pregnant women were seropositive for both IgG and IgM Abs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following risk factors for toxplasmosis (IgG and/or IgM): age ≥ 25 years (adjusted OR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.44-2.84, p < 0.001), rearing cats in the house (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.20-2.55, p = 0.004), and contact with soil (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.32-2.75, p = 0.001). Conclusions: The study reported high seroprevalence among pregnant women in Sana'a, Yemen, with a high proportion of pregnant women having a possibility of acute toxoplasmosis. This highlights the need for including routine screening for T. gondii in pregnant women in the country's antenatal clinics. In addition, health education on the mode of transmission of toxoplasmosis should be provided for pregnant women in Yemen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Al-Eryani

Al-Mekhlafi

Al-Shibani

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…There has been increasing interest to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in food animals because of their role in the transmission of the infection to humans by ingestion of meat and milk [15]. Demonstration of IgM and IgG antibodies is a major diagnostic tool for toxoplasmosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in large ruminants in northern Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

Qayyum

2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonosis that causes significant economic losses due to abortions and other developmental disabilities in livestock animals. The objectives of the current study were to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle and buffaloes in northern parts of Punjab, Pakistan, where no such work previously existed. Methodology:Serum samples obtained from 400 cattle and 422 buffaloes present on different private and government-owned farms were tested for anti-Toxoplasma IgG and anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additional data, including water sources, hygienic status at the farm, management practices, size of the herd, and presence of cats in the vicinity of the farm were obtained using a questionnaire in surveys and interviews. Results: The overall prevalence of infection was 19.75% (79/400) in cattle and 15.16% (64/422) in buffaloes. IgG antibodies were found in 75 (18.75%) cattle and 58 (13.74%) buffaloes, while IgM antibodies were found in 9 (2.25%) cattle and 10 (2.37%) buffaloes. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in females and older animals of both species. Seroprevalence was found to be associated with poor hygienic conditions, extensive management practices, and presence of cats in the surrounding areas. No difference of seroprevalence was observed with respect to different breeds, location, water source, and herd size. Conclusion: The present study found that T. gondii is prevalent in large ruminants in northern Punjab, and may have important implications for the livestock industry and public health.

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“…Sheep are important for mutton, wool and milk production throughout the world [1]. In Ethiopia there are an estimated 26.12 million sheep [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroepidemiology of Ovine Brucellosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

Gebremedhin¹

2015

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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Toxoplasma in Animals, Food, and Humans: An Old Parasite of New Concern

Cited by 142 publications

References 117 publications

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence

Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in large ruminants in northern Punjab, Pakistan

Seroepidemiology of Ovine Brucellosis in East and West Shewa Zones of Oromia Regional State, Central Ethiopia

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