Toxoplasmosis and Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Saudi Arabia

Al-Amari, Omar M.; Kameswaran, Mohan

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.1996.468

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Together, the data found in this review show that children with congenital toxoplasmosis may have both hearing loss ( Al-Amari and Kameswaran, 1996 ; de Azevedo et al, 2000 ; Andrade et al, 2008 ; de Resende et al, 2010 ) and alterations in central auditory pathways ( de Resende et al, 2010 ; Fontes et al, 2019 ; Ferreira et al, 2020 ). Thus, this infection should be pointed out as a risk for disturbances in the peripheral and central auditory pathway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The authors verified the existence of both hearing loss ( Al-Amari and Kameswaran, 1996 ; de Azevedo et al, 2000 ; Andrade et al, 2008 ; de Resende et al, 2010 ) and increased latency values in the BAEP and FFR responses ( de Resende et al, 2010 ; Fontes et al, 2019 ; Ferreira et al, 2020 ). Therefore, the auditory pathway of children with CT can be affected both at the peripheral and central hearing levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Regarding the presence of hearing loss in children with CT, the literature does not demonstrate a consensus, as previously mentioned. While some authors found an association with hearing loss (Al-Amari and Kameswaran, 1996;de Azevedo et al, 2000;Andrade et al, 2008;de Resende et al, 2010) and language disorders (de Resende et al, 2010), another study did not find any association (Austeng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Thus, there is no consensus in the literature between the presence of hearing loss and this infection. While some authors report that such infection is a RIHL in children (Al-Amari and Kameswaran, 1996;Andrade et al, 2008;de Resende et al, 2010;Vos et al, 2015;Besen et al, 2022), other studies do not find this association (Lipka et al, 2002;Austeng et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition to severe neurological and ophthalmic consequences, hearing disorders are also among the clinical manifestations observed in children with CT ( Al-Amari and Kameswaran, 1996 ; Andrade et al, 2008 ; de Resende et al, 2010 ; Vos et al, 2015 ; Besen et al, 2022 ). When analyzing the histopathology of the temporal bone in children with CT, researchers described that hearing loss in this infection may be a consequence of post-natal inflammation, since they found an inflammatory process, triggered by the parasite, in the inner ear ( Salviz et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital toxoplasmosis and auditory disorders: a literature review

Ferreira,

Sanfins,

Pinto

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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BackgroundCongenital toxoplasmosis (CT) occurs mainly by primary maternal infection during pregnancy. It is estimated that the incidence of vertical transmission to the fetus is 20% and that infected women are more likely to have a premature birth or low birth weight neonate since there is an association between CT and the rate of premature birth and low birth weight. In addition to severe neurological and ophthalmic consequences, hearing disorders such as hearing loss are also among the clinical manifestations seen in children with CT. Given the above, the objective of this study is to verify what are the auditory disorders seen in children with CT.MethodsThis literature review was structured according to the PRISMA statement and based on the terms of Study Target Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Types (PICOS). To obtain the studies, the following electronic databases were consulted: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs. The combined terms used for the search were: (“auditory evoked potentials” OR “hearing” OR “hearing loss”) AND (“congenital toxoplasmosis”). The selection of articles was carried out independently, blindly, by two of the authors, to minimize risk of bias.ResultsThe search in the databases identified 172 articles, after excluding duplicate articles, 105 studies were identified. From the selection made by reading the titles and abstracts, 11 studies were selected for full-text reading. A total of 94 studies were excluded. An article was selected from the list of references. Therefore, 12 studies were included in the final analysis. It was observed that a significant percentage of studies sought to study the peripheral auditory pathway, verifying the occurrence or association between hearing loss and the presence of congenital infection. Only two studies evaluated the central auditory pathway, using the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEP) and the Frequency Following Response (FFR).ConclusionToxoplasmosis affects not only the peripheral areas but central areas as well. Most studies suggest this pathology as a risk factor for both peripheral and central impairment. Research has found a greater association between CT and mild to moderate hearing loss, in addition to alterations in exams such as BAEP and FFR. These data recommend that CT be reported as a global public health problem and can help assess complications and impacts of hearing disorders as a result of CT. There is a gap about studies that retract the co-occurrence between CT and other Risk Indicators for Hearing Loss (RIHL), such as prematurity, permanence in the intensive care unit, and use of ototoxic medications, lack of longitudinal studies, that accompany the development of hearing and language of children with CT, since the consequences of this infection may be late.

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