Tpam

Abstract

While a large number of adaptive Di erential Evolution (DE) algorithms have been proposed, their Parameter Adaptation Methods (PAMs) are not well understood. We propose a Target functionbased PAM simulation (TPAM) framework for evaluating the tracking performance of PAMs. e proposed TPAM simulation framework measures the ability of PAMs to track prede ned target parameters, thus enabling quantitative analysis of the adaptive behavior of PAMs. We evaluate the tracking performance of PAMs of widely used ve adaptive DEs (jDE, EPSDE, JADE, MDE, and SHADE) on the proposed TPAM, and show that TPAM can provide important insights on PAMs, e.g., why the PAM of SHADE performs be er than that of JADE, and under what conditions the PAM of EPSDE fails at parameter adaptation.