Trabeculations of the porcine and human cardiac ventricles are different in number but similar in total volume

Jensen, Bjarke; Salvatori, Daniela; Schouten, Jacobine; Meijborg, Veronique M. F.; Lauridsen, Henrik; Agger, Peter

doi:10.1101/2023.08.17.553743

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…While a reduction in the number of trabeculations and intertrabecular recesses is consistent with compaction, the development of the papillary muscle exemplifies that the same morphometric readout is equally consistent with the coalescence of trabeculations within the trabecular layer. Extensive coalescence of trabeculations within the trabecular layer may occur in pig since the proportional volumes of the trabecular layers are similar between pig and human, while the porcine walls have fewer trabeculations (Jensen et al., 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

Jensen,

Chang,

Bamforth

et al. 2024

Journal of Anatomy

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That the highly trabeculated ventricular walls of the developing embryos transform to the arrangement during the fetal stages, when the mural architecture is dominated by the thickness of the compact myocardium, has been explained by the coalescence of trabeculations, often erroneously described as ‘compaction’. Recent data, however, support differential rates of growth of the trabecular and compact layers as the major driver of change. Here, these processes were assessed quantitatively and visualized in standardized views. We used a larger dataset than has previously been available of mouse hearts, covering the period from embryonic day 10.5 to postnatal day 3, supported by images from human hearts. The volume of the trabecular layer increased throughout development, in contrast to what would be expected had there been ‘compaction’. During the transition from embryonic to fetal life, the rapid growth of the compact layer diminished the proportion of trabeculations. Similarly, great expansion of the central cavity reduced the proportion of the total cavity made up of intertrabecular recesses. Illustrations of the hearts with the median value of left ventricular trabeculation confirm a pronounced growth of the compact wall, with prominence of the central cavity. This corresponds, in morphological terms, to a reduction in the extent of the trabecular layer. Similar observations were made in the human hearts. We conclude that it is a period of comparatively slow growth of the trabecular layer, rather than so‐called compaction, that is the major determinant of the changing morphology of the ventricular walls of both mouse and human hearts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

Jensen,

Chang,

Bamforth

et al. 2024

Journal of Anatomy

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show abstract

“…While a reduction in the number of trabeculations and intertrabecular recesses is consistent with compaction, the development of the papillary muscle exemplifies that the same morphometric readout is equally consistent with coalescence of trabeculations within the trabecular layer. Extensive coalescence of trabeculations within the trabecular layer may occur in pig, since the proportional volumes of the trabecular layers are similar between pig and human, while the porcine walls have fewer trabeculations (Jensen et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive coalescence of trabeculations within the trabecular layer may occur in pig, since the proportional volumes of the trabecular layers are similar between pig and human, while the porcine walls have fewer trabeculations (Jensen et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

Jensen,

Chang,

Bamforth

et al. 2023

Preprint

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That the highly trabeculated ventricular walls of the developing embryos transforms to the arrangement during the fetal stages, when the mural architecture is dominated by the thickness of the compact myocardium, has been explained by coalescence of trabeculations, often erroneously described as “compaction”. Recent data, however, supports differential rates of growth of the trabecular and compact layers as the major driver of change. Here, these processes were assessed quantitatively and morphologically using a larger dataset than has previously been available of mouse hearts from embryonic day 10.5 to postnatal day 3, supported by images from human hearts. The volume of the trabecular layer increased throughout development, in contrast to what would be expected had there been “compaction”. During the embryonic-fetal transition, fast growth of the compact layer diminished the proportion of trabeculations. Similarly, great expansion of the central cavity reduced the proportion that intertrabecular recesses make of the total cavity. Using the median value of left ventricular trabeculation, we provided illustrations for each gestational day so as to provide pictorial evidence of the changes. The illustrations confirmed a pronounced growth of the compact wall, and prominence of the central cavity. This corresponds, in morphological terms, to a reduction in the extent of the trabecular layer. Similar observations were made in the human hearts. We conclude that it is a period of comparatively slow growth of the trabecular layer, rather than so-called compaction, that is the major determinant of the changing morphology of the ventricular walls of both mouse and human.

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“…However, little is known about the morphological variation of the RVOT. At least in the pig, the extent of RVOT trabeculation varies between hearts (10) and among mammals the RVOT varies in length and size (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The smooth-walled human RVOT contains trabeculations that cause conduction delay

Jensen,

Bosada,

Blok

et al. 2023

Preprint

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AimsThe right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is the outlet from the right ventricle and is the initiating substrate of life-threatening arrhythmias. While the luminal wall of the RVOT is often assumed to be without the complex trabecular meshwork that characterizes the right ventricular free wall, the anatomy of the RVOT is an understudied subject. Our aim was to investigate whether trabeculations occur in the RVOT and to assess whether this impacts electrical propagation.Methods & ResultsWe used high-resolution MRI and serial sectioning to reconstruct the macroscopic details of the human RVOT and identified cases exhibiting much trabeculation. The smooth lumen of the RVOT varied between 9% and 23% of the total RV anterior surface (N=11). Histological analysis on additional six hearts indicated that the RVOT compact layer is thinner when trabeculations are present. RNA sequencing of four human donor hearts revealed enrichment in the subendocardial region of 88 genes associated with cardiac conduction and trabeculations (P adjusted<0.05). Finally, we selected two human donor hearts showing trabeculations in the RVOT from which we generated wedge preparation and performed optical and electrical mapping. The trabecular regions demonstrated high degree of fractionation when compared to non-trabeculated regions, which coincided with delayed activation.ConclusionTrabeculations are found in the RVOT, and their extent varies among individuals. This impacts on the thickness of the compact wall in the RVOT, restricting the depth of tissue at which clinical interventions can be performed, as well as influencing electrical propagation and possible arrhythmogenicity.

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Trabeculations of the porcine and human cardiac ventricles are different in number but similar in total volume

Cited by 3 publications

References 68 publications

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

The changing morphology of the ventricular walls of mouse and human with increasing gestation

The smooth-walled human RVOT contains trabeculations that cause conduction delay

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