Trace detection of plutonium by three-step photoionization with a laser system pumped by a copper vapor laser

Peuser, P.; Herrmann, G.; Rimke, H.; Sattelberger, P.; Trautmann, Ν.; Rüster, W.; Ames, F.; Bonn, J.; Kluge, H. J.; Krönert, U.; Otten, Ernst W.

doi:10.1007/bf00818051

Cited by 51 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) enables quantitative determination of low levels of the long-lived Pu isotopes with detection limits that are superior to R spectrometry, high-resolution and multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS), and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) (6,8,(17)(18)(19) range have been reported (20). Only resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) has proven equally as sensitive, though RIMS has the drawbacks of low sample throughput and high instrumental expense (21)(22)(23). In addition, measurement of the 240 Pu/ 239 Pu ratio, unobtainable by R spectrometry, is straightforward via AMS even though less accurate than via MC-ICP-MS (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interfering molecules are eliminated efficiently during the stripping process, and detection limits in the subfemtogram range have been reported (). Only resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) has proven equally as sensitive, though RIMS has the drawbacks of low sample throughput and high instrumental expense ( − ). In addition, measurement of the 240 Pu/ 239 Pu ratio, unobtainable by α spectrometry, is straightforward via AMS even though less accurate than via MC-ICP-MS ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plutonium from Global Fallout Recorded in an Ice Core from the Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai

Olivier

Bajo

Fifield

et al. 2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Ice cores from glaciers situated near anthropogenic sources of air pollution provide important archives of the emissions of species with short atmospheric lifetimes. Here we present the history of atmospheric Pu fallout reconstructed from an ice core from the Belukha glacier in the Siberian Altai. Fourteen ice core samples covering the time period 1941-1986 were selected for Pu analysis, chemically processed, and measured using accelerator mass spectrometry. The Pu concentration peaks in 1963, coinciding with the maximum of the nuclear weapons tests and in concordance with the 3H activity concentration peak. The shapes of the 239Pu and 3H profiles reflect two main periods of atmospheric nuclear test activity: premoratorium testing before 1958 and postmoratorium testing in 1961 and 1962. Premoratorium tests contribute about 45% of the integrated Pu inventory. The average 240Pu/239Pu isotopic ratio is 0.18 +/- 0.05, indicating that a large majority of the Pu in the Belukha glacier originates from global stratospheric fallout rather than from direct tropospheric input.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plutonium from Global Fallout Recorded in an Ice Core from the Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai

Olivier

Bajo

Fifield

et al. 2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…In our earlier work on trace element analysis [7,8] and ionization potential measurements [9] with RIMS, atomic beams of neptunium and plutonium were produced from actinide oxides deposited on rhenium filaments and covered with thin rhenium or platinum-lead coatings. These "sandwich" sources had to be operated at high temperatures, around 2000 K, and the beam yields varied from filament to filament by nearly two Orders of magnitude [10], mainly due to imperfections and instabilities of the coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Atomic Beam Source for Actinide Elements: Concept and Realization

et al. 1997

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Atomic beams /Actinide elements / Resonance ionization mass spectroscopy / Volatilization SunmiaryFor ultratrace analysis of actinide Clements and studies of their atomic propcrties with resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS), efficient and stable sources of actinide atomic beams are required. The thermodynamics and idnetics of the evaporation of actinide elements and oxides from a variety of metals were considered, including diffusion, desorption, and associative desorption. On this basis various sandwich-type filaments were studied. The most promising system was found to consist of tantalum as the backing material, an electrolytically deposited actinide hydroxide as the source of the element, and a titanium covering layer for its reduction to the metal. Such sandwich sources were experimentally proven to be well suited for the production of atomic beams of plutonium, curium, berkelium and califomium at relatively low operating temperatures and with high and reproducible yields.

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“…In these early studies, Pu atoms were ionized by single-color, one or two-photon excitations. Three-color, three-step resonant ionization was first reported by Peuser et al 22 using three pulsed dye lasers, which showed a detection efficiency of 10 . Since then, there have been extensive studies on RIMS as an analytical instrument for trace analysis of Pu and other radioactive elements 17 , 23 – 31 , for fundamental studies of actinides 32 , and in combination with other techniques such as SIMS 30 , 32 , 33 , fast chemical separation 29 , and laser ablation 34 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficiency laser resonance ionization of plutonium

Galindo-Uribarri

Liu

Romero

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Three-step resonance photoionization spectra of plutonium have been studied with Ti:Sapphire lasers for the development of efficient laser ionization schemes for ultra-trace analysis of Pu isotopes by resonance ionization mass spectrometry. We observed eighteen intermediate excited states of even parity in the energy range 35568–36701 $${\text {cm}}^{-1}$$ cm - 1 , thirteen of them have not been previously documented, and a larger number of high-lying excited states and autoionizing states of odd-parity between 48238 and 49510 $${\text {cm}}^{-1}$$ cm - 1 . Three-color, three-photon ionization schemes via six intermediate states were evaluated under similar ion source operating conditions. This led to a highly efficient three-step scheme with an overall ionization efficiency of $$51.1 \pm 1.3\%$$ 51.1 ± 1.3 % , which is an order of magnitude improvement over the previously reported ionization efficiency for Pu.

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Trace detection of plutonium by three-step photoionization with a laser system pumped by a copper vapor laser

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Plutonium from Global Fallout Recorded in an Ice Core from the Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai

Plutonium from Global Fallout Recorded in an Ice Core from the Belukha Glacier, Siberian Altai

An Atomic Beam Source for Actinide Elements: Concept and Realization

High efficiency laser resonance ionization of plutonium

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