Trace element distributions between matte and slag in direct nickel matte smelting

Sukhomlinov, Dmitry; Klemettinen, Lassi; Virtanen, Olli; Lahaye, Yann; Latostenmaa, Petri; Jokilaakso, Ari; Taskinen, Pekka

doi:10.1080/00084433.2019.1710386

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The deportment of trace elements between nickel-copper-iron matte and iron silicate slag was investigated experimentally by Font et al [11] Recently, fundamentals of trace element partitioning in the DON smelting conditions, including operation conditions of FSF [17,18] and EF [19,20] have been investigated experimentally.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trace element distributions measured along with the slag and matte properties have recently been reported elsewhere. [18] 2 Experimental…”

Section: The Current Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental technique used for nickel-copper-iron matte equilibration with slag in a controlled gas atmosphere has been described in detail previously. [16,18]…”

Section: The Current Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17,22] In a preliminary time series of experimental runs, the time sufficient to attain equilibrium was determined to be four hours, as described earlier. [18] This equilibration time was employed for all experiments in the main series. The main series of equilibration experiments was completely duplicated to confirm repeatability of the results.…”

Section: High Temperature Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a basic oxide, the presence of magnesia and potassia in the slag improves the metals distributions shifting their equilibria in the matte-slag systems to the sulfide phase, thus increasing their recoveries in the matte smelting and converting. [17,18]…”

Section: The Mgo-sio 2 -Feo X Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of MgO and K2O on Slag-Nickel Matte Equilibria

Sukhomlinov

Virtanen

Latostenmaa³

et al. 2019

J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.

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Slag chemistry of the direct nickel matte smelting was studied in typical industrial high-grade nickel matte smelting conditions at 1400°C and 0.1 atm p SO2. The experimental technique used involved equilibration, quenching and direct elemental phase composition analysis by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis. Magnesia and potassia, a typical gangue constituent of sulfidic nickel concentrates and a common impurity of industrial grade silica flux (sand), respectively, were adopted as slag modifiers in concentrations typical to industrial operations. Their effects on oxidation degree of the nickel-copper-iron matte and equilibrium concentrations of Ni and Cu in the slag were studied as a function of oxygen partial pressure. Solubility of silica in the slag increased significantly with additions of MgO and K 2 O in the constrained case studied, at silica saturation. Equilibrium concentrations of Ni and Cu in the slag containing MgO and K 2 O were about a quarter lower compared to the pure iron silicate slag, in the entire oxygen partial pressure range studied.

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Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trace element distributions measured along with the slag and matte properties have recently been reported elsewhere. [18] 2 Experimental…”

Section: The Current Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental technique used for nickel-copper-iron matte equilibration with slag in a controlled gas atmosphere has been described in detail previously. [16,18]…”

Section: The Current Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: High Temperature Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mgo-sio 2 -Feo X Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Impact of MgO and K2O on Slag-Nickel Matte Equilibria

Sukhomlinov

Virtanen

Latostenmaa³

et al. 2019

J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.

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Thermodynamic Modeling of Elemental Distributions of Trace Elements in Non-ferrous Iron Residue Hydrogen Reduction

Pankka

Salminen²,

Taskinen

et al. 2023

JOM

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Every year millions of tons of iron residue are generated as a by-product of zinc production. Stabilized landfilled iron residue contains recoverable metals that could be valorized with further processing. Pyrometallurgical processing allows the recovery of valuable metals while simultaneously producing a clean slag that can then be further utilized. A thermodynamic model was developed with FactSage version 8.0. The focus was on minor element behavior and distribution of elements between phases. Calculations were performed at 1200–1400°C and pressure of 1 atm with both pure H2 and H2-Ar mixtures used as a reductant. Also, the concentrations of Pb and Zn in the input were varied. The results showed that a liquid alloy phase forms consisting mostly of either Cu, As and Pb or Fe, As and Cu. It was noted that a higher Ar total gas amount in reduction decreased the mass fraction of the liquid alloy and increased the evaporation of elements into fume dust. S, Bi, Pb, Ge and Zn were observed to evaporate fully, while As, In, Sb and Ag evaporated only partially. The results need to be verified experimentally.

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Industrial Deportment of Minor and Trace Elements in Direct Nickel Matte Smelting

Astikainen,

Klemettinen,

Tammela

et al. 2024

JOM

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A sampling campaign was carried out at an industrial nickel flash smelter with the aim of evaluating the trace element distributions along the smelting line from raw materials to high-grade nickel matte and discard slag. The industrial technology was direct-to-nickel matte smelting without conventional Peirce–Smith converters, thus having two different nickel mattes as smelting products and feeds in the refinery: the sulfidic low-iron nickel matte from smelting furnace and the low-sulfur electric furnace matte from slag cleaning. Major and trace element concentrations were obtained from the solidified samples by electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Due to the industrial sampling environment, i.e., the slow cooling rate of the samples, not all the trace element concentrations were able to be measured at the lowest detection limits of the techniques used in some of the phases formed after cooling. However, the obtained results and element distribution coefficients were in good agreement with equilibrium values published in the literature.

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Trace element distributions between matte and slag in direct nickel matte smelting

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Impact of MgO and K2O on Slag-Nickel Matte Equilibria

Impact of MgO and K2O on Slag-Nickel Matte Equilibria

Thermodynamic Modeling of Elemental Distributions of Trace Elements in Non-ferrous Iron Residue Hydrogen Reduction

Industrial Deportment of Minor and Trace Elements in Direct Nickel Matte Smelting

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