Trace Element Estimation in Soils: An Appraisal of Ed-XRF Technique Using Group Analysis Scheme

Saini, N. K.; Mukherjee, Pulok K.; Rathi, M. S.; Khanna, P. P.; Purohit, K. K.

doi:10.1081/tma-120015615

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Currently, field portable x-ray fluorescence (XRF) has been used as a rapid and nondestructive technique to analyze metals in soils (Chou et al, 2010;Jang, 2010;Lu et al, 2010;Radu and Diamond, 2009;Saini et al, 2002;Vanhoof et al, 2004;Weindorf et al, 2012); and this method has been employed to analyze Hg contaminated soils, although it is unclear whether Hg(0) l was present in the soils being analyzed (Alonso-Hernandez et al, 2011;Kodom et al, 2010). This technique was also examined as part of the Monitoring and Measurement Technology (MMT) program facilitated by the United States EPA (2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of soils from an industrial complex contaminated with elemental mercury

Miller

Watson

Lester

et al. 2013

Environmental Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of soils from an industrial complex contaminated with elemental mercury

Miller

Watson

Lester

et al. 2013

Environmental Research

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“…Certified materials and field samples were analysed, and the total content or concentration of this element in soil profiles was determined. Gallium was determined using the following analytical methods: atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) (Langødegård and Wibetoe 2002;López-Garcia et al 2004), x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) (Saini et al 2002;Zambello and Enzweiler 2002;Liang, Liu, and Hu 2004;Yu et al 2006), atomic emission spectrometry (AES) (Sun et al 2004), neutron activation analysis (NAA) (El-Ghawi et al 2005), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Chandrajith, Dissanayake, and Tobschall 2005). At the Department of Analytical Chemistry of the University of Silesia, a simple and very sensitive spectrophotometric method of gallium determination has been developed using chrome azurol S (CAS) and benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide (ST) (Kwapulińska 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy Determination of Gallium in Natural Soils and Soils Polluted by Industry: Relationships between Elements

Połedniok

Kita

Zerzucha

2012

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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The aim of this work was to determine gallium contents in different soils of Poland using a sensitive spectrophotometric method based on the complex of Ga(III) with chrome azurol S and benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry technique. The total content of gallium in the soils clearly depends on the soil location and properties and ranged from 41.7 to 437 μg g -1 . The contents of gallium determined in 10% nitric acid and 1 M of magnesium chloride extract ranges respectively from 38.0 to 81.9% and 20-40% of the total content of this element. A strong correlation has been found between gallium and zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper. The high Pearson correlation coefficient values and the proportional relationship between the concentrations of Ga and these metals may make it possible to treat gallium as an indicator of soil contamination with heavy metals.

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“…The precision and accuracy of the preparation and instrumental performances were checked using international reference samples, SO-1, GSS-1, GSS-4, GXR-2, GXR-6, SCO-1, SGR-1, SDO-1, MAG-1, GSD-9, GSD-10, GSR-6 and BCS-267 (Govindaraju, 1994). Evaluation of reproducibility, accuracy and minimum detection limit were carried out in a similar way as outlined in Saini et al (2002). The accuracy of measurements is better than 12% for U, Th, and Zr and <5% for K (Table A1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A stream sediment geochemical survey of the Ganga River headwaters in the Garhwal Himalaya

et al. 2007

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This study models geochemical and adjunct geologic data to define provinces that are favorable for radioactive-mineral exploration. A multi-element bed-sediment geochemical survey of streams was carried out in the headwaters region of the Ganga River in northern India. Overall median values for uranium and thorium (3.6 and 13.8 ppm; maxima of 4.8 and 19.0 ppm and minima of 3.1 and 12.3 ppm respectively) exceed average upper crustal abundances (2.8 and 10.7 ppm) for these radioactive elements. Anomalously high values reach up to 8.3 and 30.1 ppm in thrust zone rocks, and 11.4 and 22.5 ppm in porphyroids. At their maxima, these abundances are nearly four-and three-fold (respectively) enriched in comparison to average crustal abundances for these rock types. Deformed, metamorphosed and sheared rocks are characteristic of the main central thrust zone (MCTZ). These intensively mylonitized rocks override and juxtapose porphyritic (PH) and proterozoic metasedimentary rock sequences (PMS) to the south. Granitoid rocks, the major protoliths for mylonites, as well as metamorphosed rocks in the MCT zone are naturally enriched in radioelements; high values associated with sheared and mylonitized zones are coincident with reports of radioelement mineralization and with anomalous radon concentrations in soils. The radioelement abundance as well as REE abundance shows a northward enrichment trend consistent with increasing grade of metamorphism indicating deformation-induced remobilization of these elements. U and Th illustrate good correlation with REEs but not with Zr. This implies that zircon is not a principal carrier of U and Th within the granitoid-dominant thrust zone and that other radioelement-rich secondary minerals are present in considerable amounts. Thus, the relatively flat, less fractionated, HREE trend is also not entirely controlled by zircon. The spatial correlation of geologic boundary zones (faults, sheared zones) with geochemical and with geophysical (Rn) anomalies infers ore mineralization by hydrothermal processes generated during multiple episodes of deformation and thrusting. The geologic setting of the anomalies also suggests that crystalline rocks (MCT Zone) along the nearly 2500 km length of the LesserHimalayan belt, where in the vicinity of thrust and fault zones, have potential for radioelement mineralization. Zones of higher concentrations of radioelements delineated by this study and locations of anomalous radon discharge determined by other investigations may indicate a potential health hazard over the long term. However, the low human population density precludes direct manifestation of health effects attributable to chronic exposure to these radioelements; however, the magnitude of natural concentrations suggests the need for more detailed studies and monitoring.

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Trace Element Estimation in Soils: An Appraisal of Ed-XRF Technique Using Group Analysis Scheme

Cited by 28 publications

References 10 publications

Characterization of soils from an industrial complex contaminated with elemental mercury

Characterization of soils from an industrial complex contaminated with elemental mercury

Spectrophotometric and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy Determination of Gallium in Natural Soils and Soils Polluted by Industry: Relationships between Elements

A stream sediment geochemical survey of the Ganga River headwaters in the Garhwal Himalaya

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