Trace-Element Geochemistry of Tholeiitic Basalts from Site 433C, Suiko Seamount

Clague, David A.; Frey, F. A.

doi:10.2973/dsdp.proc.55.121.1980

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Alkaline basalts of the Allison, Resolution, Lo-En, Wodejebato, and MIT guyots are typical lavas of intraplate volcanism. Similar basalts from the Emperor Seamount Chain were studied by Kirkpatrick et al (1980), Avdeiko et al (1980), and Clague and Frey (1980). Basalts are strongly altered, so their primary composition cannot be reconstructed using only petrographic and geochemical data, but the latter data are necessary to interpret the alteration products in the samples studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Basalts from the West Pacific Guyots, Legs 143 and 144

Kurnosov¹,

Zolotarev²,

Eroshchev-Shak³

et al. 1995

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Volcanic rocks recovered during Legs 143 and 144 on the Allison, Resolution, Lo-En, Wodejebato, and MIT guyots belong to intraplate alkaline basalts. The basalts are strongly altered by hydrothermal processes, and some are affected by subaerial weathering. The low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, which is best represented in inner parts of sills on the Allison Guyot, led mainly to the formation of smectite, swelling chlorite, mixed-layer smectite-chlorite, and carbonates. Kaolinite, smectite, and hematite dominate among the subaerial weathering products of basalts on the Resolution Guyot and occur in the outer zones of sills on the Allison Guyot. The basalts from the Lo-En, Wodejebato, and MIT guyots have undergone low-temperature smectitization. Formation of mixed-layer smectite-chlorite and seΦentine is a result of high magnesium content in the primary basalt rather than of higher temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Basalts from the West Pacific Guyots, Legs 143 and 144

Kurnosov¹,

Zolotarev²,

Eroshchev-Shak³

et al. 1995

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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“… a Major and trace element data are reported by Kirkpatrick et al [1980] and Clague and Frey [1980]. Nd isotopic ratios in Figures 5b and 5c are unpublished data of F. A. Frey. …”

Section: Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of depleted components in basalt related to the Hawaiian hot spot: Evidence from isotopic and incompatible element ratios

Frey

Huang

Blichert‐Toft

et al. 2005

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] The radiogenic isotopic ratios of Sr, Nd, Hf, and Pb in basaltic lavas associated with major hot spots, such as Hawaii, document the geochemical heterogeneity of their mantle source. What processes created such heterogeneity? For Hawaiian lavas there has been extensive discussion of geochemically enriched source components, but relatively little attention has been given to the origin of depleted source components, that is, components with the lowest 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and highest 143 Nd/ 144 Nd and 176 Hf/ 177 Hf. The surprisingly important role of a depleted component in the source of the incompatible element-enriched, rejuvenated-stage Hawaiian lavas is well known. A depleted component also contributed significantly to the 76-81 Ma lavas erupted at Detroit Seamount in the Emperor Seamount Chain. In both cases, major involvement of MORB-related depleted asthenosphere or lithosphere has been proposed. Detroit Seamount and rejuvenated-stage lavas, however, have important isotopic differences from most Pacific MORB. Specifically, they define trends to relatively unradiogenic Pb isotope ratios, and most Emperor Seamount lavas define a steep trend of 176 Hf/ 177 Hf versus 143 Nd/ 144 Nd. In addition, lavas from Detroit Seamount and recent rejuvenatedstage lavas have relatively high Ba/Th, a characteristic of lavas associated with the Hawaiian hot spot. It is possible that a depleted component, intrinsic to the hot spot, has contributed to these young and old lavas related to the Hawaiian hot spot. The persistence of such a component over 80 Myr is consistent with a long-lived source, i.e., a plume. (2005), Origin of depleted components in basalt related to the Hawaiian hot spot: Evidence from isotopic and incompatible element ratios, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q02L07,

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“…Note that in both of the stratigraphic sequences related to the Hawaiian hot spot the uppermost lavas have a higher La content. At Suiko Seamount this reflects 8.5 m of alkalic basalt that overlies 379 m of tholeiitic basalt (data from Bence et al, 1980;Cambon et al, 1980;Clague and Frey, 1980). At Mauna Kea volcano the increase in La results from hawaiites that overlie alkalic basalts that overlie tholeiitic basalts (Waikahalulu Gulch, Frey et al, 1990).…”

Section: Geochemical Evidence Bearing On the Origin Of Ninetyeast Ridgementioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and Petrologic Data for Basalts from Sites 756, 757, and 758: Implications for the Origin and Evolution of the Ninetyeast Ridge

Frey¹,

Jones²,

Davies³

et al. 1991

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Basement lavas from Sites 756, 757, and 758 on Ninetyeast Ridge are tholeiitic basalts. Lavas from Sites 756 and 757 appear to be subaerial eruptives, but the lowermost flows from Hole 758A are pillow lavas. In contrast to the compositional variation during the waning stages of Hawaiian volcanism, no alkalic lavas have been recovered from Ninetyeast Ridge and highly evolved lavas were recovered from only one of seven drill sites (DSDP Site 214). All lavas from Site 758 have relatively high MgO contents (8-10 wt%), and they are less evolved than lavas from Sites 756 and 757. Although abundances of alkali metals in these Ninetyeast Ridge basalts were significantly modified by postmagmatic alteration, abundances of other elements reflect magmatic processes. At Site 757 most of the lavas are Plagioclase cumulates, but lava compositions require two compositionally distinct, AhCb-rich parental magmas, perhaps segregated at relatively low mantle pressures. In addition, at both Sites 756 and 758 more than one compositionally distinct parental magma is required. The compositions of these Ninetyeast Ridge lavas, especially those from Site 758, require a source component with a depleted composition; specifically, the abundance ratios Th/Ta, Th/La, Ba/Nb, Ba/La, and La/Ce in these lavas are generally less than the ratios inferred for primitive mantle. Lavas from Ninetyeast Ridge and the Kerguelen Archipelago have very different chondrite-normalized REE patterns, with lower light REE/heavy REE (LREE/HREE) ratios in lavas from Ninetyeast Ridge. However, lavas from Sites 757 and 758 have Pb isotope ratios that overlap with the field defined by lavas from the Kerguelen Archipelago (Weis and Frey, this volume). Therefore, these Ninetyeast Ridge lavas contain more of a component that is relatively depleted in LREE and other highly incompatible elements, but have similar amounts of the component that controls radiogenic Pb isotopes. A model involving mixing between components related to a depleted source and an enriched plume source has been proposed for the oldest Kerguelen Archipelago basalts and Ninetyeast Ridge lavas. Although the incompatible element characteristics of the Ninetyeast Ridge lavas are intermediate between depleted MORB and Kerguelen Archipelago basalts, these data are not consistent with a simple two-component mixing process. A more complex model is required.

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Trace-Element Geochemistry of Tholeiitic Basalts from Site 433C, Suiko Seamount

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Alteration of Basalts from the West Pacific Guyots, Legs 143 and 144

Alteration of Basalts from the West Pacific Guyots, Legs 143 and 144

Origin of depleted components in basalt related to the Hawaiian hot spot: Evidence from isotopic and incompatible element ratios

Geochemical and Petrologic Data for Basalts from Sites 756, 757, and 758: Implications for the Origin and Evolution of the Ninetyeast Ridge

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