Trace-element hydrogeochemistry of thermal waters of Karakoçan (Elazığ) and Mazgirt (Tunceli), Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Okan, Özlem Öztekin; Kalender, Leyla; Çetindağ, Bahattin

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.07.006

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…At pH values of 4.5 to 9, soluble Fe is usually in a ferrous state, especially if the medium is reducing as in most groundwater. Fe oxidizes under the action of air or by contact with chlorine, going into the ferric state and can thus be hydrolyzed to give an insoluble iron hydroxide [25]. In this study, Fe(OH) 2 + presence is observed as a predominant species (about 80%) in most of the studied sites.…”

Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 55%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in the Urban Area of Zamora, Mexico

Reyes-Toscano

Alfaro-Cuevas-Villanueva

Cortés-Martínez

et al. 2020

Water

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This work assessed the groundwater hydrogeochemistry and the drinking water quality of 10 wells supplying the urban area of Zamora, Michoacán, Mexico. Two sampling campaigns were conducted in May 2018 (dry season) and November 2018 (wet season) to describe the chemistry of the water and its interaction with the rock. Physical and chemical constituents (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, color, turbidity, solids, total hardness, total alkalinity, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands), major components (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42−, PO43−, HCO3−, CO32−, Cl−, N-NO3−, and N-NH3), as well as trace elements (As, Fe, Mn, Ba, Al, Sb, Co, V, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Zn, Tl, Pb) were analyzed. Results showed groundwater with a slight tendency to alkalinity. The hydrogeochemical facies observed are Ca2+-HCO3− in all sites. Hydrochemical diagrams indicate immature, cold, non-saline, and uncontaminated water with short residence time. Water–rock interaction predominates. The water in the study area is appropriate for drinking use according to Mexican and international regulations with an excellent quality in 7 wells and good in the other 3.

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Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 55%

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in the Urban Area of Zamora, Mexico

Reyes-Toscano

Alfaro-Cuevas-Villanueva

Cortés-Martínez

et al. 2020

Water

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“…2− in the AZF and not correlated with SO 4 2− in the XJF (Figures 9 and 10), which indicates that sulfide minerals are not the major mediators of As migration in the hot-spring waters. The hydrated iron oxide in the aquifer has a high As adsorption capability owing to its large specific surface area [11]. Goethite and hematite have a tendency to precipitate (SI > 0), implying that large amounts of As can be adsorbed.…”

Section: Sources and Controlling Factors Of Trace Elements In The Azf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), usually show enrichment in hot-spring waters, which play a crucial role in determining the genesis of hot springs and explaining the circulation process of thermal waters [10,11]. For example, the high concentrations of F, As, B, Li, and heavy metals, as are found in geothermal water with strong magmatic activity in Turkey [11], Chile [12], Tibet [13], Tengchong [14], and Taiwan [10], are usually constrained by multiple factors such as the type of host rock in the water-rock reaction, the input of magmatic fluids(e.g., B, Li, etc. ), and secondary processes (e.g., precipitation of solid phases).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements of Hot Springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone

Yao,

Zhou,

Qiu

et al. 2024

Water

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Trace elements in hot-spring waters are indicators for tracing hydrochemical processes, such as the deep circulation of geothermal water, the degree of water–rock interaction, redox reactions, the contamination of shallow water by thermal water, etc. In this study, 74 hot springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone (XSHF-XJF) were chosen for an investigation of the geochemical characteristics of trace elements using classic geochemical tools and multivariate statistical analysis. The results indicated (1) the hot-spring waters were mainly derived from atmospheric precipitation as indicated by δD and δ18O values that generally increased with decreasing elevations; (2) the high concentrations of B, As, Fe, and Mn in the waters, as well as the values of the Water Quality Index (WQI), indicated that the water quality was spatially heterogeneous and the hot-spring waters are not entirely suitable for drinking; and (3) B/Cl ratios showed that hot springs have different reservoir sources in the XSHF and XJF, respectively. The leaching of surrounding rock during water circulation contributed predominantly to the trace elements of the study’s waters. Diversity of lithology was the main factor affecting their concentrations. In addition, deep circulation controlled by the fault could influence trace-element enrichment. Our results offer a guide for the exploration and use of geothermal resources.

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“…A criterion of 0.3 mg/L for iron is the recommended limit for domestic water supplies, primarily because of the taste threshold of iron in the water whereas for freshwater aquatic life the limit prescribed is 1 mg/L [29,35] .…”

Section: Iron (Fe)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With rising acidity, solubility rises. For domestic water supplies, the concentration of zinc should be below 5.0 mg/L to protect against undesirable aesthetic effects [29,35] . Zinc has a nutritional value as a trace element and is found in the human body in amounts of about 2.3 mg. Its primary roles include enzymatic reactions and DNA replication.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Hydrogeochemical Analysis of Stream Water in Parts of Proterozoic Shillong Basin Meghalaya, India

Dhurandhar

2022

adv. in geol. and geotech. eng. res.

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Hydrogeochemical surveys were conducted in parts of the Proterozoic Shillong basin in Meghalaya to locate the unconformity-related uranium deposits, related alteration patterns, and the influence of the rock formations on the groundwater solute chemistry. Shillong Basin comprises Proterozoic metasediments and felsic volcanics of Tyrsad Formation, undeformed arenaceous Barapani Formation with intrusive granites, and metabasic sills and dykes. The groundwater quality is determined for drinking, and domestic-agro-industrial utilities using hydrogeochemical tools and physicochemical parameters. The water is acidic to slightly alkaline and has an oxidizing redox environment, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolve Solids (TDS), and major ions fell below the World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Standards Institute (ISI) acceptable limits except for Zn, Fe, and SiO2 showing higher concentrations.The sequences of abundance of major cations and trace elements are Fe>Zn>SiO2>Ca2+>Na+ >Mg2+>K+ >U and anions as HCO3>Cl- >SO4 2- .Groundwater character was assessed by ion exchange, simple dissolution, and unusual dissolution mechanisms. The area has dominant CaHCO3, NaHCO3, and restricted CaMgHCO3 type water. Plagioclase dissolution and high SiO2 and cation exchange of Ca for Na were identified. The groundwater indices of Sodium Percent, Kelley’s Index, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Magnesium Ratio, Electrical Conductivity, TDS, USSL, and Wilcox index were found suitable for agro-industrial uses. Permeability Index is found to be suitable in most areas and the Corrosivity Ratio shows the areas of galvanized pipes and PVC pipes to be used for water supply. AHC analysis shows three distinct groups of water types, as well as the factor analysis, also shows the three prominent factors of water types defining the dimensionality of water types. Magnesium metasomatic alteration zones and Zn anomalous zones are delineated.

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Trace-element hydrogeochemistry of thermal waters of Karakoçan (Elazığ) and Mazgirt (Tunceli), Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in the Urban Area of Zamora, Mexico

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in the Urban Area of Zamora, Mexico

Geochemical Characteristics of Trace Elements of Hot Springs in the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang Fault Zone

Integrated Hydrogeochemical Analysis of Stream Water in Parts of Proterozoic Shillong Basin Meghalaya, India

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