Trace elements as indicators of the physicochemical conditions of mineral formation in hydrothermal sulfide systems

Таусон, В. Л.; Babkin, D. N.; Akimov, V. V.; Lipko, S. V.; Smagunov, N. V.; Parkhomenko, I. Yu.

doi:10.1016/j.rgg.2013.04.005

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…%). This confirms the conclusion that the AAS-ADSSC method enables determination of the structural component of NM impurity with an error of ±30% [13,39]. For the UV-3/13 and DG-10/14 samples, the differences proved more significant, apparently due to the proximity to the Au detection limit (0.2 ppm) in the configuration of the LA-ICP-MS method used.…”

Section: La-icp-mssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The same effect is assumed for Au in arsenopyrite, based on the fact that Au is released from the arsenopyrite matrix when heated to form native Au [37]. As the experiment shows, at temperatures of 450-500 • C, the solubility of Au in pyrite with low As content (30-120 ppm) is 1-3 ppm, and only at high Mn content (~3000 ppm) does it increase to 7.3 ppm, possibly due to the heterovalent substitution 2Fe 2+ = Mn 3+ + Au + [38,39]. Natalkinskoe, Degdekan and Zolotaya Rechka deposits.…”

Section: Previous Studies and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The results are presented in Tables 5 and 6 for pyrite and arsenopyrite, respectively. It should be remembered that, according to the ADSSC method, the results that meet the distribution criteria adopted for the structurally bound form of the element are distinguished from the entire dataset for each sample (usually at least 20 points of analysis) by applying the procedure discussed in detail earlier [38,39,46]. Since grain sections were analysed, that is, only the inner regions of crystals, there is no question of the separation of structural and superficial forms.…”

Section: La-icp-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of “Invisible” Noble Metals between Pyrite and Arsenopyrite Exemplified by Minerals Coexisting in Orogenic Au Deposits of North-Eastern Russia

et al. 2019

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The study focused on the forms of occurrence and distribution of hidden (“invisible”) noble metals (NMs = Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ru) in the coexisting pyrites and arsenopyrites of four samples of mineral associations from three Au deposits in the north-east of Russia. The unique nature of our approach was the combination of methods of local analysis and statistics of the compositions of individual single crystals of different sizes. This allowed us to take into account the contribution of the surface component to the total NM content and to distinguish the structurally bound form of the elements. The following estimates of the distribution coefficients of the structural (str) and surficial (sur) forms of elements were obtained: D ¯ P y / A s p s t r = 2.7 (Au), 2.5 (Pd), 1.6 (Pt), 1.7 (Ru) and D ¯ P y / A s p s u r = 1.6 (Au), 1.1 (Pd), 1.5 (Pt and Ru). The data on Ag in most cases indicated its fractionation into pyrite ( D ¯ P y / A s p s t r = 17). Surface enrichment was considered as a universal factor in “invisible” NM distribution. A number of elements (i.e., Pt, Ru, Ag) tended to increase their content with a decrease in the crystallite size in pyrite and arsenopyrite. This may be due to both the phase size effect and the intracrystalline adsorption of these elements at the interblock boundaries of a dislocation nature. The excess of metal (or the presence of S vacancies) in pyrite increased Ag and Pt content in its structure and, to a lesser extent, the content of Ru, Pd and Au. Arsenopyrite exhibited a clear tendency to increase the content of Pt, Ru and Pd in samples with excess As over S. Sulphur deficiency was a favourable factor for the incorporation of Ag and platinoids into the structures of the mineral associations studied. Perhaps this was due to the lower sulphur fugacity. Pyrite with excess Fe was associated with higher contents of some NMs. The presence of other impurity elements was not an independent factor in NM concentration.

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Section: La-icp-mssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Previous Studies and Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: La-icp-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of “Invisible” Noble Metals between Pyrite and Arsenopyrite Exemplified by Minerals Coexisting in Orogenic Au Deposits of North-Eastern Russia

et al. 2019

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“…In particular, in addition to the expedient used, it is proposed to consider the overall distribution coefficients of impurity elements corresponding to the experimentally found possibility of forming their own microphase and surface formations (Tauson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer reconstruction of the physicochemical conditions of sulfide formation for the Krasnov and Ashadze hydrothermal systems (Mid-Atlantic Ridge)

Laptev

2015

Russian Geology and Geophysics

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Computer-based reconstruction of the physicochemical conditions of formation of the Krasnov (16° N) and Ashadze (13° N) submarine systems in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) has been performed using the equilibrium-thermodynamic approach to study samples from these sites. In the first case, a sphalerite-pyrite-barite association was considered, and in the second case, a sphalerite-pyrite association. In the modeling conducted, the composition of the sphalerite solid solution corresponding to the nonideal mixing of ZnS and FeS was used as a correlation parameter with the total composition of the Fe-Zn-Ba-S-H 2 O-NaCl-HCl hydrothermal system depending on temperature (200-300 °C) and a given pressure of 100 bar. The calculation results predict that at an iron content of 0.17-0.36 wt.% in sphalerite, the minimum formation temperatures of the equilibrium sphalerite-pyrite-barite association should correspond to the interval of 280-300 °C (Krasnov site). As the iron content in sphalerite increases to 4.15-13.28 wt.%, the occurrence of barite in the systems studied becomes impossible and the formation temperatures of the sphalerite-pyrite association become equal to or higher than 300 °C (Ashadze site).

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“…The technique is designed to determine the content of the structural impurity of the element with an uncertainty of ±30 rel. % [40,41]. The determination of Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh in solutions obtained through the decomposition of individual crystals of arsenopyrite and pyrite was carried out following their preliminary extraction, concentration and separation from the matrix.…”

Section: Aas-adssc Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Group Elements in Arsenopyrites and Pyrites of the Natalkinskoe Gold Deposit (Northeastern Russia)

et al. 2020

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The peculiarities of the distribution and binding forms of platinum group elements (Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Os and Ir) in the arsenopyrites and pyrites of the Natalkinskoe gold ore deposit (Northeastern Russia) were examined using atomic absorption spectrometry with analytical data selections for single crystals (AAS-ADSSC), a “phase” chemical analysis (PCA) based on AAS of different size-fractions of minerals, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The arsenopyrites and pyrites of the Natalkinskoe gold deposit were found to concentrate not only Au but also platinum group elements (PGEs) such as Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh. The PCA showed that the highest contents (in ppm) were found in the monofractions of arsenopyrite—Pt up to 128, Pd up to 20, Ru up to 86 and Rh up to 21—and comparably lower in monofractions of pyrite—Pt to 29, Pd to 15, Ru to 58 and Rh to 5.9. The AAS-ADSSC method revealed two forms of uniformly distributed Pt, Pd and Ru corresponding to the chemically bound element in the structure of the mineral and in the superficial non-autonomous phase (NAP). The superficially bound form dominates over the structural form and presumably exists in a very thin surface layer of the crystal (~100–500 nm). The maximum contents of these PGE, chemically bound in the structure of arsenopyrite, reached values of (in ppm) 48, 5.9 and 48; and in pyrite structure, 68, 5.2 and 34 for Pt, Pd and Ru respectively. The contents of Pt, Pd and Ru related to NAP on the surface of the crystal were significantly higher and amounted (in ppm) for arsenopyrite to 714, 114 and 1083; and for pyrite 890, 62 and 690 for Pt, Pd and Ru, respectively. Preliminary results for the Rh form in arsenopyrite crystals suggest that the surface-related form (154–678 ppm) is more abundant than the structural form (17–45 ppm). Data from studying the surfaces of sulphide minerals by SEM-EDX and LA-ICP-MS confirmed the presence of Pt, Pd, Ru and Rh on the surface of arsenopyrite and pyrite crystals. These methods generated primary data on the content of Os and Ir in arsenopyrite and pyrite in the surface layer. The maximum content of Os and Ir found in arsenopyrites was up to 0.7 wt%. PGE-enriched fluids (up to ~3 ppm Pt) may exist in the gold ore deposit. It is assumed that there is a common mechanism of impurities uptake associated with the active role of the crystal surface and surface defects for gold-bearing arsenopyrites and pyrites. The surface enrichment is due to peculiarities in the crystal growth mechanism through the medium of NAP and the dualism of the element distribution coefficient in the system of mineral–hydrothermal solution, which is higher for NAP, compared to the volume of the crystal. Although mineral forms of Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Os and Ir have not been found at the Natalkinskoe gold deposit, their existence in the form of nano-scale particles is not excluded. This follows from the evolutionary model of surficial NAPs, assuming their partial transformation and aggregation with the formation of nano- and micro-sized autonomous phases of trace elements. The presence of PGE in the ores and the possibility of their extraction significantly increase the quality and value of the extracted raw gold materials at the Natalkinskoe deposit, and adds to the list of known platiniferous ore formations.

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Trace elements as indicators of the physicochemical conditions of mineral formation in hydrothermal sulfide systems

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Distribution of “Invisible” Noble Metals between Pyrite and Arsenopyrite Exemplified by Minerals Coexisting in Orogenic Au Deposits of North-Eastern Russia

Distribution of “Invisible” Noble Metals between Pyrite and Arsenopyrite Exemplified by Minerals Coexisting in Orogenic Au Deposits of North-Eastern Russia

Computer reconstruction of the physicochemical conditions of sulfide formation for the Krasnov and Ashadze hydrothermal systems (Mid-Atlantic Ridge)

Platinum Group Elements in Arsenopyrites and Pyrites of the Natalkinskoe Gold Deposit (Northeastern Russia)

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