Trace elements in serum, packed cells, and dialysate of CAPD patients

Abstract

Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) was used to investigate trace element patterns in serum, packed cells, and dialysate of CAPD patients. The concentrations of the elements Cs, Cu, Fe, and Mn in serum and packed cells appeared to be maintained within the normal range, while the levels of the non-essential element Br in both serum and packed cells were subnormal. The serum Cr values were extremely high (20 to 50 times higher than the normal serum level). The amount of Cr absorbed from the dialysate was calculated to be ten times higher than the daily dietary uptake. The Co concentrations were normal in packed cells but were significantly increased in serum. The Rb content in packed cells was slightly lower than normal, while the serum value was normal. Se was maintained within the normal range in packed cells, but the serum concentration was slightly lower than normal. The concentrations of Zn were low in serum and appeared to be higher than normal in packed cells. In conclusion, this analysis of the trace element status of CAPD patients reveals two major abnormalities. There is an apparent loss of Br from the blood towards the dialysate and on the other hand, a dramatic accumulation of Cr into the blood as a result of the very high Cr content in the dialysate.

Exchange of Alkali Trace Elements in Hemodialysis Patients:A Comparison with Na⁺ and K⁺

“…However, these patients on CAPD had the same concentrations of Rb in their sera (170 ± 20 µg/l) as healthy adults (170 ± 40 µg/l) [31]. The low Rb concentration in the plasma of our HD patients is in good agreement with results published previously by Cornelis et al [32]in 1979 and by Van Renterghem et al [2]in 1992.…”

“…Elevated Cs concentrations of 1.01 ± 0.28 µg/l in the sera of 5 CAPD patients versus 0.74 ± 0.25 µg/l in the sera of 36 healthy adults have been reported [31]. These values are in good agreement with our plasma Cs concentrations of 1.0 ± 0.3 and 0.5 ± 0.2 µg/kg at the beginning and at the end of the HD sessions, respectively.…”

“…Wallays et al [31]reported significantly (p < 0.05) diminished concentrations of Rb in the packed blood cells in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients (3.49 ± 0.18 mg/kg) as compared with healthy adults (4.28 ± 0.98 mg/kg). However, these patients on CAPD had the same concentrations of Rb in their sera (170 ± 20 µg/l) as healthy adults (170 ± 40 µg/l) [31].…”

“…Elevated Cs concentrations of 5.64 ± 1.65 µg/kg in the packed blood cells of 5 CAPD patients versus 4.82 ± 2.10 µg/kg in the packed blood cells of normal individuals have been determined in 1986 [31]. Elevated Cs concentrations of 1.01 ± 0.28 µg/l in the sera of 5 CAPD patients versus 0.74 ± 0.25 µg/l in the sera of 36 healthy adults have been reported [31].…”

Trace Elements in End-Stage Renal Disease

“…Serum or plasma Zn levels in HD and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients were found either to be normal [16,17] or more often decreased [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Serum Zn levels were significantly lower in subjects with severe renal failure [8] than in subjects with mild renal failure [26].…”