Trace fossils evidence of a complex history of nutrient availability and oxygen conditions during Heinrich Event 1

Rodrı́guez-Tovar, Francisco J.; Dorador, Javier; Hodell, David A

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.01.003

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…They have been successfully applied for ichnofacies characterisation 38 , ichnofabric approach 5,39 , and palaeoenvironmental studies [5][6][7] . These methods are effective for high-resolution pictures, but have also provided good results on 2D images obtained from non-penetrative techniques (i.e., X-ray or CT) 31,40 . All these advances have benefited ichnological studies on unconsolidated sediments, solving the limitations due to poor visibility of traces fossils in this kind of sediments, however it is just limited to a 2D visualization of the exposed surface.…”

Section: Methods Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring computed tomography in ichnological analysis of cores from modern marine sediments

Dorador

Rodrı́guez-Tovar

Titschack³

2020

Sci Rep

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ichnological analysis is considered a very useful tool in several disciplines of earth Sciences, including palaeoenvironmental studies and hydrocarbon exploration. Sediment cores provide excellent records, despite difficulties encountered during study runs due to specific core features. Previous studies using 2D images have proven the benefits of high-resolution image treatment in improving the visibility of ichnological features, but with limitations. 3D computed tomography (CT) techniques were applied to palaeoichnological studies in lithified cores and other disciplines of palaeontology to solve these limitations, but not used for ichnological studies in unconsolidated sediments due to the low density contrast between host sediment and trace fossils. In this study, a CT processing technique, previously tested in coral research, is applied to facilitate the characterisation of the ichnological signature of cores from modern marine soft sediments. This technique allows for the first time the isolation of burrows within these kinds of sediments and the differentiation of intervals based on burrow orientation. Data obtained from the technique are complemented with the ichnological information from conventional core description, thus providing a more complete characterisation of the trace fossil assemblage with additional ichnological properties such as burrow orientation and branching. this will improve palaeoenvironmental interpretations related to changes in energy or oxygenation, and the analysis of reservoir quality given the impact of burrows on porosity and permeability. Therefore, adopting CT to complement visual core description in the ichnological analysis of soft modern marine cores is a very informative approach.Ichnological research is widely recognised as a very useful tool in the study of drilled marine cores in a wide range of fields. Biogenic structures, reflecting the behaviour of trace-makers in response to palaeoenvironmental conditions, provide valuable information into areas such as palaeoecology, facies analysis, palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, sequence stratigraphy and palaeoceanography 1-8 . In recent decades, the study of trace fossils has also become an essential part of reservoir and aquifer characterisation 9 . Numerous studies have proven that bioturbation is an important factor in the study of reservoir properties, affecting parameters such as porosity and permeability 10-18 . The key factors involved would be grain size re-distribution, morphology of trace fossils (e.g., shape, size, orientation, branching), burrow lining, infilling material of trace fossils, and bioturbation intensity 10,19-21 . For all these reasons, ichnology is seen as a powerful tool in Earth Science research and hydrocarbon exploration 4,13 .Initially, ichnological studies were mostly based on outcrops and modern environments 21,22 , but the study of cores has gradually increased as the amount of core material recovered from oceanic expeditions became more abundant 9,23 . Core material makes it possible to...

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Section: Methods Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring computed tomography in ichnological analysis of cores from modern marine sediments

Dorador

Rodrı́guez-Tovar

Titschack³

2020

Sci Rep

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“…In any one location they tend to show a very uniform, monotonous aspect in terms of colour, texture and composition. They are generally highly bioturbated, often with an indistinct mottled appearance, and may further show distinct burrows of varied (deep-water) ichnofacies [103,104]. There may be rare primary lamination present (partly destroyed by bioturbation), diffuse and indistinct, in places marked by colour change and in places by irregular winnowed concentrations of coarser material.…”

Section: Definition and Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing between Deep-Water Sediment Facies: Turbidites, Contourites and Hemipelagites

2020

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The distinction between turbidites, contourites and hemipelagites in modern and ancient deep-water systems has long been a matter of controversy. This is partly because the processes themselves show a degree of overlap as part of a continuum, so that the deposit characteristics also overlap. In addition, the three facies types commonly occur within interbedded sequences of continental margin deposits. The nature of these end-member processes and their physical parameters are becoming much better known and are summarised here briefly. Good progress has also been made over the past decade in recognising differences between end-member facies in terms of their sedimentary structures, facies sequences, ichnofacies, sediment textures, composition and microfabric. These characteristics are summarised here in terms of standard facies models and the variations from these models that are typically encountered in natural systems. Nevertheless, it must be acknowledged that clear distinction is not always possible on the basis of sedimentary characteristics alone, and that uncertainties should be highlighted in any interpretation. A three-scale approach to distinction for all deep-water facies types should be attempted wherever possible, including large-scale (oceanographic and tectonic setting), regional-scale (architecture and association) and small-scale (sediment facies) observations.

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“…The bioturbation and cross‐cutting relationships between Zoophycos , Thalassinoides and Planolites over a mottled background texture of Facies‐b (Fig. 3A) reveal a well‐developed multitiered tracemaker community, associated with favourable palaeoenvironmental conditions, such as oxygenation and food availability (Hodell et al ., 2017; Rodríguez‐Tovar et al ., 2019, 2020). Ichnological data, along with peaks in ln (Mn/Al) and ln (Ca/Ti), suggest relatively high biological productivity (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing key sedimentary facies and their distribution in mixed turbidite–contourite depositional systems: The case of the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2022

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Interplay of deep‐water sedimentary processes is responsible for building a myriad of features and deposits across mixed turbidite–contourite systems, from <5 cm beds to >200 km long sedimentary drifts. Investigations of the spatial and temporal variability of their sedimentary facies and facies associations is crucial to reveal the dynamics between along‐slope bottom currents and down‐slope turbidity currents, as well as their impact on drift construction and channel erosion. This study focuses on extensive modern mixed (turbidite–contourite) systems, developed across the continental rise of the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula. Nine sediment cores were sampled and analysed, through grain size and geochemical methods, to study the sedimentary facies at high‐resolution (ca 1 to 20 cm). Three main facies associations have been identified across distinct morphological features (i.e. mounded drifts and trunk channels), comprising intercalations of hemipelagites, bottom current reworked sands (which include fine to coarse‐grained contourites) and gravitational facies (turbidites and mass‐transport deposits). These facies associations reflect fluctuations of the background sedimentation, oscillations of the bottom‐current velocity and of the frequency of gravity‐driven currents. The sedimentary record features cyclic alternations during the Late Quaternary (>99 kyr), suggesting that variations between along‐slope bottom currents and down‐slope turbidity currents are strongly linked to glacial–interglacial cycles during Marine Isotope Stages 1 to 6. Sedimentary records affected by bottom currents on polar margins, such as those of the Antarctic Peninsula, are essential to decipher the facies and facies sequences of bottom‐current deposits, as the low degree of bioturbation throughout most of the sediments allows us to observe the original sedimentary structures, which are poorly preserved in similar deposits from other continental margins.

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Trace fossils evidence of a complex history of nutrient availability and oxygen conditions during Heinrich Event 1

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Exploring computed tomography in ichnological analysis of cores from modern marine sediments

Exploring computed tomography in ichnological analysis of cores from modern marine sediments

Distinguishing between Deep-Water Sediment Facies: Turbidites, Contourites and Hemipelagites

Recognizing key sedimentary facies and their distribution in mixed turbidite–contourite depositional systems: The case of the Pacific margin of the Antarctic Peninsula

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