Trace humic and fulvic acid determination in natural water by cloud point extraction/preconcentration using non-ionic and cationic surfactants with FI-UV detection

Wuilloud, Jorgelina C. A. de; Wuilloud, Rodolfo G.; Sadi, Baki; Caruso, Joseph A.

doi:10.1039/b300862m

Cited by 62 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cadmium was preconcentrated in the presence of 1.0 mg L −1 humic acid, which has been considered a normal concentration of humic substances in natural water samples. 45 The variation percentage was found to be −15%, thus indicating low influence of humic acid on the Cd 2+ preconcentration. This result corroborates the feasibility of Cd 2+ determination in lake water samples free of interference using an external analytical curve.…”

Section: 27mentioning

confidence: 93%

Solid Phase Extraction to On-Line Preconcentrate Trace Cadmium Using Chemically Modified Nano-Carbon Black with 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Zappielo¹,

Nanicuacua²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Carbon black (CB) grafted with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTMS) was used as solid phase extractor for Cd 2+ in a flow injection system coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The influence of pH, buffer concentration, preconcentration flow rate and eluent concentration on preconcentration of Cd 2+ were investigated by means of chemometric tools. The characterization of the adsorbent chemically modified was performed by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy and textural analysis. To perform the on-line preconcentration, 20.0 mL of a pH 7.0 Cd 2+ solution at a flow rate of 4.0 mL min −1 was loaded through 30.0 mg of modified CB and then eluted with 1.0 mol L −1 HCl toward the FAAS instrument. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.20 and 0.66 µg L −1 , respectively. Addition and recovery tests carried out in real samples (mineral, tap and saline waters, and cigarette sample) and the analysis of certified reference material (TORT-2, lobster hepatopancreas reference) attested the applicability of proposed method.

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Section: 27mentioning

confidence: 93%

Solid Phase Extraction to On-Line Preconcentrate Trace Cadmium Using Chemically Modified Nano-Carbon Black with 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Zappielo¹,

Nanicuacua²,

Santos³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…This can affect drinking water quality. HA can react with chlorine during drinking water treatment and produce disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which can cause potential health impacts [1], [2]. Hepplewhite et al reported that HA is present in drinking water at concentration levels of between 2 and 15 mg/l [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic Acid Degradation by ZnO Photocatalyst

Sekartaji

Babel

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Humic acid (HA) is universally present in soils and natural water resources in a yellow-brown form. HA can react with chlorine during drinking water treatment and produce disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which are harmful for health. Therefore, HA has to be eliminated from water environment. The photocatalysis is an effective alternative solution for the degradation of HA in a water environment. This research aims to degrade HA from water environment. The rapid degradation of HA, using zinc oxide nanoparticles, irradiated by ultraviolet light (ZnO/UV), is investigated. The optimum conditions of pertinent factors, which include the light wavelength (UV-A and UV-C), and light intensity, HA concentration, ZnO dose, and contact time are investigated at neutral pH conditions, considered for drinking water treatment. HA degradation efficiency reached more than 80% after 60 min for both types of irradiation in optimum conditions of 0.3 g/L ZnO dose in 180 min of contact time. Comparisons for degradation efficiency under UV-A and UV-C irradiation indicate that UV-C has higher efficiency, up to 150 min of contact time. The reusability of catalyst is performed for three reuses and still revealed effective for beneficial commercial applications.

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“…28 The use of cationic surfactants in combination with a non-ionic surfactant has been documented with an increase in the extraction efficiency of polar organic compounds. 29,30 Mixed-MME was used in the preconcentration of organic compounds 31 and metal cations. 32,33 Chrome Azurol S (CAS) and Alberon, a dye in the triphenylmethane series, have carboxylate groups, besides hydroxyl and sulfonate groups (Scheme 1) that react with beryllium to form the anionic complex Be(CAS)2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud-Point Formation Based on Mixed Micelles for the Extraction, Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Beryllium in Water Samples

Beiraghi¹,

Zarei

Babaee³

2007

ANAL. SCI.

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The use of beryllium metal, alloys and its compounds in metallurgy, aerospace, and nuclear installations as well as their emission during the combustion of coal and oil, and the toxicity makes this element a serious environmental hazard. 1,2 Beryllium is one of the most toxic non-radioactive elements to be found at ultra-trace levels (ng L -1 -sub ng L -1 ) in natural water sources. [3][4][5] However, some acidic river water or hotspring water samples have a high beryllium concentration at trace levels (μg L -1 -sub μg L -1 ). 4,6 Beryllium is an insidious poison with a latent toxicity and prolonged excretion in urine for 10 years of exposure. 7 Although acute and chronic beryllium disease (CBD) occurs mainly by the inhalation of industrial gases and dust, the determination of trace amounts of beryllium in natural water samples is of interest, because it can indicate environmental pollution, and could provide information about the metal uptake through these sources. EPA drinkingwater regulations require that the beryllium levels be maintained below 4 μg L -1 . 8 Chronic beryllium diseases produce scarring of lung tissue. The lung condition may take years (average 10 -15 years) to develop symptoms. 9,10 Because of the seriousness of CBD, the United State Department of Energy (DOE) promulgated in 1999 the CBD preventation program, 10CFR part 850, to protect DOE workers. It requires frequent monitoring of air and possible contaminated surfaces to identify potential health risk;11 there is an increased need for beryllium analysis in DOE facilities.Therefore, highly sensitive analytical methods are necessary for the preconcentration and determination of beryllium.Several instrumental methods for the determination of beryllium by spectrophotometry, 12-15 spectrofluorometry, 16-18 atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), 19 graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), 20 and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) 21 have been reported. In contrast to the majority of these expensive and sophisticated analysis systems, absorption spectrophotometric methods offer many appealing characteristics, including simple instrumentation, rapid response times and easy operation. These properties are highly desirable to the future design and development of portable analytical devices capable of quickly responding to trace levels of hazardous beryllium content in the field.Recently, cloud-point extraction (CPE) based on the clouding phenomenon of surfactants over a certain temperature, has become increasingly attractive. As a new separation technique, CPE offers many advantages over traditional liquid-liquid extraction. 22,23 In addition, CPE can lead to a higher recovery efficiency and a large preconcentration factor because the presence of a surfactant can minimize the losses of analytes due to their adsorption onto the container. The small volume of the surfactant-rich phase obtained with this methodology permits the design of extraction schemes that are simple and cheap, and have lower toxicity...

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Trace humic and fulvic acid determination in natural water by cloud point extraction/preconcentration using non-ionic and cationic surfactants with FI-UV detection

Cited by 62 publications

References 32 publications

Solid Phase Extraction to On-Line Preconcentrate Trace Cadmium Using Chemically Modified Nano-Carbon Black with 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Solid Phase Extraction to On-Line Preconcentrate Trace Cadmium Using Chemically Modified Nano-Carbon Black with 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Humic Acid Degradation by ZnO Photocatalyst

Cloud-Point Formation Based on Mixed Micelles for the Extraction, Preconcentration and Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Beryllium in Water Samples

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