Trace-level determination of pesticides in water by means of liquid and gas chromatography

Geerdink, R.B.; Niessen, W.M.A.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00234-0

Cited by 89 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Until recently, most available data on pesticides in water have been obtained by application of multiresidue methods based on solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) or solvent extraction (ELL), followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [30,31]. However, when polar pesticides and TPs have to be included in the analytical methodology, the application of liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is required, and it has become the preferred technique for polar pesticide residues determinations [26,[32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide residues and transformation products in groundwater from a Spanish agricultural region on the Mediterranean Coast

Hernández

Marín

Pozo

et al. 2008

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

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An overview is given on the presence and changes over time of pesticide residues in groundwater from the Valencia region, one of the most important citrus cultivation sites of southern Europe. A multiresidue LC-MS/MS method was applied for the screening of around 50 pesticides in 75 water samples collected during 2000. The herbicides simazine, terbuthylazine, bromacil, terbumeton, and diuron were the most frequently detected compounds. On the basis of compounds detected in these samples, another method that focused on 30 herbicides and relevant transformation products (TPs) was developed and applied to around 80 water samples collected during 2003. Simazine was the most frequently found compound followed by several triazine metabolites. Data for this paper show the vulnerability of groundwater in this area to herbicide applications and illustrate the importance of including pesticide TPs in environmental monitoring programmes, as four out of the five compounds most frequently detected were pesticide TPs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide residues and transformation products in groundwater from a Spanish agricultural region on the Mediterranean Coast

Hernández

Marín

Pozo

et al. 2008

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

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“…Consequently, there is a need to develop methods using HPLC to determine these compounds and their metabolites. 19,20 Detection can be accomplished using simple and rapid procedures such as diode array detector (DAD). 21,22 Mass espectrometry detectors (LC-ESI-MS/MS) coupled to chromatographs lead to a conclusive identification of separated compounds based on the fragmentation of the ions after being submitted to an electromagnetic field.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of pesticide residues in rice grain and in its coproducts

Dors

Prímel

Fagundes

et al. 2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Os agrotóxicos são usados em muitas culturas para prevenir e preservar os grãos de possíveis ataques de pragas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição dos agrotóxicos bispiribaque de sódio, carbofurano, clomazona e tebuconazol nas diferentes frações do arroz beneficiado (arroz branco, farelo de arroz, arroz com casca, arroz parboilizado beneficiado, farelo de arroz parboilizado e arroz parboilizado com casca), o qual foi cultivado em campos experimentais sob condições controladas de aplicação. Para tanto, o método QuEChERS foi otimizado para a extração dos agrotóxicos e validou-se um método utilizando CLAE-DAD para quantificação e CL-EM para confirmação. O método QuEChERS modificado foi adequado na extração dos agrotóxicos, bem como as condições cromatográficas para identificação e quantificação, conforme os indicativos de eficiência determinados: LOD de 0,07 mg kg -1 e LOQ de 0,2 mg kg -1 para a mistura dos agrotóxicos, e recuperação para arroz e farelo de arroz de 119 e 116%, 84 e 119%, 113 e 96%, 103 e 97% para carbofurano, bispiribaque de sódio, clomazona e tebuconazol, respectivamente. O método desenvolvido foi aplicado nas frações do beneficiamento e o farelo apresentou maior concentração de resíduo dos agrotóxicos, quando comparado ao arroz beneficiado, sendo 8,0, 2,3, 2,2 e 1,6 vezes mais contaminado, em média, para tebuconazol, clomazona, carbofurano e bispiribaque de sódio, respectivamente. Apenas o clomazona e o tebuconazol apresentaram concentrações dentro do limite aceitável estabelecidos pelo Codex Alimentarius (0,1 mg kg -1 ) para o arroz beneficiado nas safras analisadas.Pesticides are used to prevent pests from attacking grains in order to preserve the crops. This paper aims at evaluating the distribution of the pesticides bispyribac-sodium, carbofuran, clomazone and tebuconazole in different fractions of milled rice (white rice, rice bran, husked rice, parboiled rice, parboiled rice bran, and husked parboiled rice) which is planted on experimental fields under controlled conditions. The QuEChERS method was adapted to the extraction of pesticides and validated by using HPLC-DAD for quantification and LC-MS for confirmation. The analytical method of extracting pesticides, as well as the chromatographic conditions for identification and quantification, were suitable, according to certain efficiency indicators: 0.07 mg kg -1 LOD and 0.2 mg kg -1 LOQ for the mixture of pesticides and rice and rice bran recoveries of 119 and 116%, 84 and 119%, 113 and 96%, 103 and 97% for carbofuran, bispyribac-sodium, clomazone and tebuconazole, respectively. The method under development was applied to rice fractions: bran had the highest residue concentration of the studied pesticides, when compared to milled rice, showing 8.0, 2.3, 2.2 and 1.6 times more contamination, in average, with tebuconazole, clomazone, carbofuran and bispyribac-sodium, respectively. Only clomazone and tebuconazole were in the acceptable limits established by Codex Alimentarius (0.1 mg kg -1 ) for milled rice.

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“…GC has been the technique of choice for the analysis of environmental samples containing semi-volatile and volatile organic compounds due to its favorable combination of high selectivity and resolution, good accuracy and precision, wide dynamic concentration range, and high sensitivity. [14] Numerous applications based on gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have been reported for the determination of pesticides in water samples. [15,16] Recognizing the negative effects of water contamination by pesticides [17,18,19,20] and the lack of effective analytical projects in Lebanon, this work reports for the first time, the detection and quantification of pesticides in surface water and groundwater (GW) samples collected from South Litani region in particular during the four seasons of year 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and levels of pesticides in South Lebanon water

Youssef

Younes

Kouzayha

et al. 2015

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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This study reviews the detection of pesticides in different surface and groundwater samples collected from South Litani region in South Lebanon during 2012. These have been analyzed using an optimized and validated solid phase extraction method followed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides were mostly noted at levels below the recommended value for individual pesticide in water except pirimiphosmethyl that was recorded at 300.87 ng L −1 in groundwater sample, designated for drinking water and collected in February. DDE concentration exceeded 100 ng L −1 in both surface and groundwater in October. The reported results represent the first Lebanese statistical data illustrating the quantification of pesticides in water over a period of time. More importantly, it draws attention to the need of pesticides' monitoring programs in the Lebanese water resources.

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Trace-level determination of pesticides in water by means of liquid and gas chromatography

Cited by 89 publications

References 151 publications

Pesticide residues and transformation products in groundwater from a Spanish agricultural region on the Mediterranean Coast

Pesticide residues and transformation products in groundwater from a Spanish agricultural region on the Mediterranean Coast

Distribution of pesticide residues in rice grain and in its coproducts

Occurrence and levels of pesticides in South Lebanon water

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