Trace metal fractionation in water and sediments of an urban river stretch

Abstract

In this study, the fractionation and ecotoxic potential of Cr, Ni, Cu and Pb in water and sediments of the river Yamuna (Delhi stretch) is presented. The river water is used for various purposes such as irrigation, industrial, domestic and drinking. The investigations suggest that the availability of metals in water follows the sequence Ni>Cr>Pb>Cu whereas a different pattern (Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr) is observed in sediments. Statistically significant spatial variations are indicated by two-way ANOVA in different geochemical forms of the metals and physicochemical parameters of water and sediments of the river Yamuna. Principal component analysis (PCA) suggests a similar source for all four metals probably from the sewage from municipal drains. PCA also indicates some independent sources of Cu and Pb. The hot spots were identified using hierarchical cluster analysis considering bioavailable forms of the metals in water and sediments as objects and the sampling sites as variables. Risk assessment code analysis indicates that metals generally pose medium to high risk at different sites. However, at a few locations either Ni or Pb cross the level of very high ecological risk.

Trace metals distribution in different geochemical phases of soils around automobile junk markets in southern Nigeria

“…The next important fraction for copper is residual fraction with an average copper content of 20.03%. High proportion of copper in this phase has been reported in other similar studies (Kumar et al, 2014, Ogubanjo et al, 2016.…”

“…Asagba et al, (2007) reported an average of 25.8% while Osakwe et al(2012) and Kumar et al (2014) reported 10.88% and 9.50% of copper contents respectively in this phase. Studies have shown that this fraction sequestrates metals in the environment (Nachtegaal andSparks, 2004, Asagba et al, 2007).…”

Lead and uranium sorptive removal from aqueous solution using magnetic and nonmagnetic fast pyrolysis rice husk biochars

“…Pb(II) and U(VI) are highly toxic heavy metals that can cause adverse damage on the ecosystem and human health at low concentrations. [5][6][7][8] Therefore, considering the toxicity and the associated environmental and health risks of Pb(II) and U(VI), along with their production and usage, the separation and removal of Pb(II) and U(VI) from wastewaters have become urgent tasks in China and similar developing countries. According to the drinking water quality standard specied in the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, the maximum acceptable concentrations of Pb(II) and U(VI) in drinking water should be lower than 10 and 15 mg L À1 , respectively.…”

Heavy Metal (Pb) and Its Bioaccumulation in Red Algae (Gracilaria sp.) At Kupang Village, Jabon Sub-District, Sidoarjo District

“…Pb heavy metals in the waters were found in dissolved and suspended form. Lead solubility in water was quite low, so the levels were relatively small [20]. Furthermore, there was a decrease in ponds aged 40 days, which were below the threshold value of 0.09 mg.L -1 , allegedly exchanging lead into sediments through binding to organic matter [21].…”