Trace pollutants analysis in soil by a time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique

Ciucci, A.; Palleschi, Vincenzo; Rastelli, S.; Barbini, R.; Colao, F.; Fantoni, R.; Palucci, A.; Ribezzo, S.; Steen, H. J. L. van der

doi:10.1007/bf01095271

Cited by 104 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some authors have named this technique Time-Resolved Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (TRELIBS). 43,44 Modern detectors, described in the next section, based on ICCD technology are capable of achieving such temporal resolution and are contributing to make LIBS into a more useful analytical tool. With common lasers such as Nd:YAG and with pulse durations in the range of few nanoseconds, TRELIBS has become the most popular way to improve the analytical performance of the laser induced plasma spectrometry.…”

Section: Libs Analytical Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

342

195

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Esta revisão descreve os aspectos fundamentais, a instrumentação, as aplicações e tendências futuras de uma técnica analítica que se encontra em seu estágio de consolidação e que está em vias de estabelecer o seu nicho entre as técnicas espectrofotométricas modernas. A técnica é denominada Espectroscopia de Emissão em Plasma Induzido por Laser (em inglês, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) e sua principal característica está no uso de pulsos de laser como fonte de energia para vaporizar a amostra e excitar a emissão de radiação eletromagnética, a partir de seus elementos e/ou fragmentos moleculares. A radiação emitida é analisada por meio de instrumentos ópticos de alta resolução e as suas intensidades são medidas, usualmente com detectores rápidos de estado sólido. Em conjunto, esses dispositivos permitem a geração e a medida de um espectro de emissão de faixa ampla do fenômeno induzido pelo pulso de laser. O espectro registrado contém informação qualitativa e quantitativa que pode ser correlacionada com a identidade da amostra ou empregada na determinação da quantidade de seus constituintes. Essa revisão é dividida em quatro partes. A primeira aborda aspectos históricos da técnica e os conceitos teóricos relevantes associados com LIBS; então, os aspectos práticos de diversas abordagens experimentais e instrumentais empregadas na implementação da técnica são revistos de forma crítica; as aplicações encontradas na literatura, incluindo aquelas que empregam quimiometria, são classificadas e exemplificadas por meio de trabalhos relevantes recentemente publicados. Finalmente, uma tentativa de estabelecer uma avaliação global e as perspectivas futuras para a técnica é apresentada.This review describes the fundamentals, instrumentation, applications and future trends of an analytical technique that is in its early stages of consolidation and is establishing its definitive niches among modern spectrometric techniques. The technique has been named Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its main characteristic stands in the use of short laser pulses as the energy source to vaporize samples and excite the emission of electromagnetic radiation from its elements and/or molecular fragments. The emitted radiation is analyzed by high resolution optics and the intensities are recorded, usually by fast triggered solid state detectors. Together, these devices allow producing and registering a wide ranging emission spectrum of the short-lived phenomenon induced by the laser pulse. The spectrum contains qualitative and quantitative information which can be correlated with sample identity or can be used to determine the amount of its constituents. This review is divided in four parts. First, the relevant historical and theoretical concepts associated with LIBS are presented; then the main practical aspects of the several experimental and instrumental approaches employed for implementation of the technique are critically described; the applications related in the literature, including those making use of chemometri...

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Section: Libs Analytical Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

342

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Apart from that, LIBS is nonintrusive, needs no sample preparation, and can be used to detect multielements in one scan. The LIBS technique has found vast applications as a diagnostic tool in elemental composition analysis for trace pollutants in soil [9], in water [10], and for studying particle velocity, electron temperature, and density in air plasmas [6], [11]. This versatility enables the LIBS technique to compete with other diagnostic techniques such as: XRF, AAS, ICP-OES, interferometry, and beam deflectometry [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial Variation of Refractive Index, Plasma Frequency and Phase Velocity in Laser Induced Air Plasma

Mathuthu

Raseleka

Forbes

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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Abstract-Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a nonintrusive technique that needs no sample preparation and even recently, quantitative measurements were done without the need for calibration standards. Much research has been done on the laser induced air plasma to study the spatial variation of plasma parameters in the axial direction of the laser beam. In this paper, we report investigation on the radial variation of the refractive index, plasma frequency, and phase velocity of a plasma during laser induced breakdown of air. The results show that the radial variations of the plasma frequency and refractive index are caused by the radial electron density gradient of the plasma. The radial variation of the electron density shows a noticeable depletion at the center of the focus which results in plasma phase velocities greater than the speed of light. Further from the plasma core the electron density diminishes to ambient density at the edges of the plasma. The mean full-width at half maximum (FWHM) for these plasma profiles was found to be about 1.2 mm. The results further reveal that the plasma has a concave parabollic electron density and a convex parabollic refractive index profile near the center of the laser axis, i.e., around a diameter of 0.5 mm.Index Terms-Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), phase velocity, plasma frequency, refractive index.

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“…A com- puter controls the whole measurement process; dedicated software allows to perform surface scanning, spectral averages, and acquisition of the spectra. In typical experimental conditions, the micro-LIBS spectra are taken in a single laser shot, from 300 nanoseconds to 2 microseconds after the laser pulse and using a measuring gate ranging from a few ns to 1or 2 microseconds, depending on the laser characteristics (e.g., a faster signal decrease using a UV instead of a near IR exciting laser) [14]. The LIBS spectra are analyzed with proprietary software, developed at IPCF, which implements the Calibration-free LIBS procedure (CF-LIBS) and allows the precise quantitative determination of the elemental composition of the material without any reference sample or calibration curve.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Techniques Applied to the Study of Italian Painted Neolithic Potteries

et al. 2006

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In the field of cultural heritage, the study of the materials used by the artist is useful both for the knowledge of the artwork and for conservation and restoring interventions. In this communication, we present results of some decorations analysis obtained by the use of two complementary laser techniques: micro-LIBS and micro-Raman spectroscopy. With both techniques it is possible to operate in a practically nondestructive way on the artwork itself, without sampling or pretreatment. Micro-Raman spectroscopy gives information on the molecular structure of the pigments used, while micro-LIBS can give quantitative information about the elemental composition of the same materials. In this paper, qualitative results are reported obtained on the study of some Neolithic potteries coming from the archaeological site of Trasano (Matera); the fragments show decorations in different colors, red, black, and white. The aim of the study was detecting whether the colored decorations were made by using added pigments or came from the manufacturing process.

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Trace pollutants analysis in soil by a time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique

Cited by 104 publications

References 8 publications

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Radial Variation of Refractive Index, Plasma Frequency and Phase Velocity in Laser Induced Air Plasma

Spectroscopic Techniques Applied to the Study of Italian Painted Neolithic Potteries

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