Traceability of network time service to UTC(NIM): online calibration

Zhang, Yu; Wang, Yuzhuo; Liu, Nianfeng; Liu, Bo; Yang, Zhiqiang; Feng, Haibo; Zhang, Aimin

doi:10.1088/1361-6501/abd799

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Therefore, a timekeeping error of a hundred microseconds in an NTP system built over a LAN with a symmetrical path and no more than 2-3 interconnection elements between two NTP servers is considered optimum [11][12][13]. In contrast, for synchronization accuracy on a WAN a time error is, usually, below 10 ms in a 200-node WAN [14].…”

Section: Theoretical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of an NTP service calibration over a Local Area Network

Vélez,

Díaz,

Osuna

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Nowadays, timekeeping is an essential component in modern computing. The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a distributed service based on a hierarchical network protocol used to synchronize computer clocks over a network in an easy and scalable manner. Currently, this protocol is the main mechanism used on the internet to provide a common notion of time to all computers. The Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada (ROA) realizes Spanish legal time and disseminates it via the internet from two publicly accessible NTP time servers. In this study, it is assessed the implementation and calibration of two NTP time servers over a Local Area Network (LAN) in client-to-server and server-to-server modes from the side of NTP protocol and all its functionalities. These calibrations aim to analyze the client-to-server mode operation, forcing the polling interval at different values, and to verify the consistency of the results by employing the ppstest tool to compare one pulse‐per‐second (1PPS) from the UTC(ROA) with the client time offset. This comparison corroborates the proper operation of the NTP time server configured as stratum 1 and referred directly to UTC(ROA), and shows how a real deployment can be professionally deployed with the aim of distributing time over a public service using NTP.

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Section: Theoretical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of an NTP service calibration over a Local Area Network

Vélez,

Díaz,

Osuna

et al. 2024

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Due to its self‐lubricating ability and chemical resistance, the use of polymer‐based composites is concentrated in the manufacture of machine elements such as bearings, bushings, thrusts, for which tribological performance is important. [ 1–7 ] From this perspective, a non‐flammable material with a melting point of 288°C, able to withstand high operating temperatures up to 200°C, chemically insoluble at temperatures below 200°C, corrosion resistant, non‐shrinking in the mold, exhibiting a tensile strength of around 70 MPa, poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) is a successful matrix material for use in many advanced engineering applications. [ 8–10 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of zeolite, bentonite, and basalt fiber as natural reinforcing materials on the material properties of PPS and CF‐reinforced PPS

Kizil

Dincer

Yilmaz

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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This study was performed to expand the usage area of phenylene sulfide (PSS) by reducing its cost without deteriorating the material properties. For this purpose, mechanical, thermo‐mechanical and abrasion tests were conducted to composite materials obtained by adding carbon fiber (CF), basalt fiber (BF), zeolite, and bentonite into PPS, and the effects of additive type and ratio were examined. For the test samples, fabricated by the melt blending, the fiber content was 10 wt.%, while zeolite, and bentonite ratios were 1, 5, and 10 wt.%. According to tensile and abrasion test results, zeolite, and bentonite improved the properties of fiber‐reinforced PPS by showing a synergistic effect. It has been demonstrated in this research that the cost of fiber‐reinforced PPS matrix composites, which are widely used in advanced engineering applications, can be reduced by using natural minerals zeolite and bentonite without sacrificing material properties. Findings obtained from mechanical and wear tests, revealed that the composition containing 10, 10, and 80 wt.%, zeolite, CF, and PPS, respectively, exhibited optimum material properties. BF for PPS has been shown to be an alternative reinforcement to CF, as it exhibits the lowest wear rate and better interacts with particles in the matrix.

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“…In terms of modifying resin matrix, the research focused on mixing functionalized PPS into the primeval one. For example, Yang Jie et al blended aminated and carboxylated PPS with commercial PPS respectivelyto increase the reactivity of the resin matrix, resulting in effective chemical connection between the resin and the oxidatively modified carbon fibers, the test results showed that IFSS values increased from 30.4 and 36.1 MPa before treatment to 33.6 and 49.1 MPa, respectively 31,32 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide resin by sulfur treatment

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The properties of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced thermoplastic resin composites depend on the physical and chemical interaction between the fibers and the resins. However, surface oxidation is not always necessary. In this study, the interaction between CF and Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is enhanced by using an emulsion of reactive sulfur to treat the CF surface. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CF/PPS composites is experimentally investigated and found to be up to 79.7 MPa, an increase of 36.1% compared to the untreated CF. The enhancement mechanism of the modification method established is inferred. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that sulfur etching on the surface of CF generated new functional groups, which improved the interfacial effect, and tightened the bond between CF and PPS. This indicates that sulfur treatment along with sizing must be a simpler method than surface oxidation to promote the interfacial bonding between CF and PPS.

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Traceability of network time service to UTC(NIM): online calibration

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Assessment of an NTP service calibration over a Local Area Network

Assessment of an NTP service calibration over a Local Area Network

Investigation of the effect of zeolite, bentonite, and basalt fiber as natural reinforcing materials on the material properties of PPS and CF‐reinforced PPS

Enhancement of interfacial properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide resin by sulfur treatment

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