Traces of empire: Architectural heritage, imperial memory and post-war reconstruction in Sarajevo and Beirut

The Architecture of Colonialism

“…Throughout the paintings of the period there was a strong convergence between Indian styles and European theme. Under colonial rule, a variety of colonial artistic painting styles were developed, such as scenic artworks, which depicted India as a distant land to be discovered by British adventurers and artists [18]. Furthermore, the portrait paintings that depict the influence of the British representatives in India were indeed one of the colonial artistic trends.…”

“…In addition, scientism was visible in Indian art. Furthermore, before British colonization, the typical architecture of India composed of a mixture of Hindu and Islamic characters and designs decorating temples, civic buildings and homes [18]. Employing a double roof, a recessed archway, white marble and parks, though stressing symmetry and description, Quranic verses were also defined on the walls of the buildings.…”

“…One of the key examples is the central district of Beirut (Figure 7). Throughout the post-civil war era throughout Beirut, the houses and facilities of the city were significantly damaged [18]. Nevertheless, they were inspired by French design in the rebuilding of the central city.…”