Traces of music carved in wax: The collection of phonographic recordings from the Institute of Musicology SASA

Abstract

Phonographic recordings made on wax plates by composer Kosta P. Manojlovic and ethnologist Borivoje Drobnjakovic from 1930 to 1932 represent the oldest collection of field sound recordings in Serbia. The biggest part of the collection is preserved at the Institute of Musicology SASA. In 2017 digitalization of the recordings from those plates was completed, which made the sound content of the collection finally available to researchers. This paper presents and analyses the collection as an anthology of historical sound documents, as an incentive for contemporary ethnomusicological research and as an addition to studying the history of ethnomusicology in Serbia. After an elaboration on the prehistory of documentary field recordings of traditional music, it has been pointed to procurement of a phonograph for the Ethnographic Museum in Belgrade in 1930. There were two major expeditions, organized in 1931 and 1932 in what was then known as ?Southern Serbia?, administratively the Vardar Banovina, a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (now Republic of Macedonia and the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija of the Republic of Serbia). 180 plates were made, less than a third by Drobnjakovic, and all the others by Manojlovic. Further recordings were suspended due to certain problems with masters printing; even some later attempts of dubbing did not give a complete solution. In 1964 the Institute of Musicology SASA was given an incomplete collection. Today it is comprised of 140 wax plates. It has been pointed that, primarily, traditional secular music was recorded, followed by few examples of church music. The collection is represented by the acoustic source, performance formation, repertoire, genre, style. Additionally, gender, age and professions of the singers and players were also discussed. It has been pointed to the potentials of the collection and its relevancy for the research of music and identity relation, music and migration relation, for studies of heritage and activities at the field of preserving traditional music. Given the specificity of the area from which the collection predominantly originates, it can have a significant value for social engagement in overcoming conflicts with music. Finally, the attainability of wax plates now serves as an incentive for reassessing the role of Kosta P. Manojlovic in cultural history and research of traditional music in Serbia and in the region.

Marija Dumnić Vilotijević (Ed.): Narodna muzika Vranja

“…Pôvodné nahrávky sa uchovávali s úctou k ich výnimočnej vedeckej hodnote a k dielu ich predchodcov, ale aj s vedomím nestálosti starších zvukových nosičov (najmä voskové fonografické valčeky, drôtené valčeky a magnetofónové pásky). Zodpovednosť voči tomuto typu vedeckého dedičstva podnietila spolupracovníkov ústavu k ochrane pôvodných nahrávok využívaním nových technológií (pre viac informácií o digitalizácii fondov pozri: Dumnić, Jakovljević, 2014;Lajić Mihajlović, 2017). Autorka však okrem primárnej ochrany prameňov v rámci svojej sociokultúrnej zod-povednosti uvažovala aj nad tým, ako tieto vzácne kultúrno-historické svedectvá sprístupniť nielen na účely základného výskumu v oblasti hudobnej vedy a etnomuzikológie, ale aj ďalším bádateľom v oblasti humanitných vied a všetkým zainteresovaným, ktorí sa tým či oným spôsobom zaujímajú o uchovávanie hudobného dedičstva.…”