The principal role of lasers in pulmonary medicine is, and will probably remain, in the treatment of unresectable tumors. In its most limited capacity, current research has already demonstrated them to be valuable palliation tools in carefully selected cases, where it can improve the last few months of life of patients for whom conventional treatments are ineffective. At best, high power lasers and dye laser HpD systems may eventually offer cures to some patients unsuitable for surgery because of poor respiratory reserve, when the total tumor mass is endoscopically accessible. It is clear, however, that only a minority of lung cancer patients are suitable for laser therapy, and lasers should only be regarded as a promising addition to the current armamentarium against this depressingly lethal disease; rather than a replacement for currently accepted treatments.