Tracheal stenosis in infants and young children

Abstract

Eight cases of intra-thoracic tracheal stenosis presenting to the ENT department at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, over the past 10 years are reported. The varied aetiology and presentation of these cases is discussed and the frequency of associated cardio-pulmonary anomalies emphasized. Difficulties in diagnosis and investigation are outlined, in addition to an overview of current management. While the overall outlook for many of these children remains poor there is reason to believe that a balance of conservative management and surgical reconstruction in selected cases will result in improved survival figures.

Pulmonary Artery Sling Associated With Tracheobronchial Malformations

“…But all the different surgical procedures for congenital trachéal stenoses still carry a significant risk with a high mortality depending on the length and the level of the stenoses. [23][24] On the other hand, experience with our third case justi¬ fies a conservative approach in certain cases, at least to postpone the operative correction of the malformation. Phelan and Venables15 observed complete recovery in three patients and marked improvement of the symptoms in two more patients by the use of conservative manage¬ ment.…”

Postintubation tracheal stenosis in an 11‐year‐old boy: a surgical and anaesthetic challenge

“…Therefore, there is a limited experience in the management of these patients. Great Ormond Street reported a total of eight cases of tracheal stenosis over a 10‐year period, five congenital and three acquired postintubation, and all children were younger than 3 years of age (2).…”

“…Postintubation tracheal stenosis was first described by Cooper and Grillo over 25 years ago (1). It is a relatively rare condition in children, the largest series published containing three cases in the UK (2) and five cases in France (3). The incidence has fluctuated over the years and is quoted as being between 0.7% and 8% in babies and children (4,5).…”

Challenges and successful management of subglottic tracheal stenosis in a 2‑year‑old child: A case report and a mini‑review of the literature

“…Tracheal stenosis is a rare condition that involves the narrowing of the tracheal lumen, causing significant respiratory distress and potentially life-threatening complications ( 1 ). It can occur due to a variety of factors, such as congenital abnormalities, acquired conditions, or traumatic injuries with a reported incidence of 1 in 6,400 live births for congenital type, with a mortality rate as high as 79% before the advent of current surgical techniques ( 2 ).…”