Tracheomalacia Reduces Aerosolized Drug Delivery to the Lung

Gunatilaka, Chamindu C.; McKenzie, Christopher; Hysinger, Erik B.; Xiao, Qiwei; Higano, Nara S.; Woods, Jason C.; Bates, Alister J.

doi:10.1089/jamp.2023.0023

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…10 Prior studies often utilized single geometric models per subject, based on the nasal anatomy at the time of imaging, although it has been shown considering the airway dynamics can make big difference in CFD predicted resutls. 9,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] In this study, we aim to quantify the in uence of anatomical variation on the e ciency of nasal air conditioning. By applying a nasal decongestant to both sides of the nasal cavity, we mimicked not only an extreme state of the nasal cycle using decongestant, representing the most decongested state possible, but also the use of decongestants is relevant for their practical application in temporarily alleviating nasal obstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of decongestion on nasal cavity air conditioning efficiency: a CFD cohort study

Xiao,

Bates,

Doorly

2024

Preprint

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Decongestion reduces blood flow in the nasal turbinates, enlarging the airway lumen. Although the enlarged airspace reduces the trans-nasal inspiratory pressure drop, symptoms of nasal obstruction may relate to nasal cavity air-conditioning. Thus, it is necessity to quantify how efficient nasal cavity conditioning the inhaled air. This study quantifies both overall and regional nasal air-conditioning in a cohort of 10 healthy subjects using computational fluid dynamics simulations before and after nasal decongestion. The 3D virtual geometry model was segmented from magnet resonance images (MRI). Each subject was under two MRI acquisitions before and after decongestion condition. The effects of decongestion on nasal cavity air conditioning efficiency were modelled at two inspiratory flowrates: 15 and 30 \(L.mi{n}^{-1}\) to represent restful and light exercise conditions. Results show inhaled air was both heated and humidified up to 90% of alveolar conditions at the posterior septum. The air-conditioning efficiency of the nasal cavity remained nearly constant between nostril and posterior septum but dropped significantly after posterior septum. In summary, decongestion not only reduce nasal cavity added heat by 23% and added moisture content by 19% to inhaled air, but also reduce the air-conditioning efficiency by 35% on average.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of decongestion on nasal cavity air conditioning efficiency: a CFD cohort study

Xiao,

Bates,

Doorly

2024

Preprint

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Effect of airway wall motion on particle deposition and delivery in the neonatal trachea

Gunatilaka,

McKenzie,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Journal of Aerosol Science

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Use of mucolytics and inhaled antibiotics in the NICU

Gipsman,

Bhandari,

Bhandari

2024

J Perinatol

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Clearance of airway secretions and treatment of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are two common problems caregivers face in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Mucolytics degrade crosslinks in mucus gel, reducing mucus viscosity and facilitating their removal by cough or endotracheal suctioning. While such medications have been studied in older children and adults, their use is not as well described in the NICU. For RTIs, systemic antibiotics are usually prescribed, although their use is often associated with adverse effects. Inhaled antibiotics may provide increased drug concentrations to the infected airways while minimizing systemic toxicity. The use of inhaled antibiotics in the NICU has been described in small case series. As underlying physiologic differences will lend to inaccuracies when extrapolating data obtained from older children, there is an urgent need to determine the safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing of inhaled mucolytics and antibiotics in infants of varying gestational and post-natal ages.

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Tracheomalacia Reduces Aerosolized Drug Delivery to the Lung

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of decongestion on nasal cavity air conditioning efficiency: a CFD cohort study

Effects of decongestion on nasal cavity air conditioning efficiency: a CFD cohort study

Effect of airway wall motion on particle deposition and delivery in the neonatal trachea

Use of mucolytics and inhaled antibiotics in the NICU

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