Summary
The study explores antifungal, antiâaflatoxigenic and antioxidant efficacy of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (ROEO) and its major compounds. In addition, the mode of action of ROEO and its practical efficacy as preservative have been assessed. GCâMS analysis of ROEO identified 16 compounds; αâpinene, 1,8âcineole and camphor being the major compounds. The minimum concentration for inhibition of growth and aflatoxin B1 secretion against A. flavus (LHPâ6) was found to be 1.5, >5.0, 4.0 and 3.0 ΌL mLâ1 and 1.25, >5.0, 3.5 and 3.0 ΌL mLâ1 for ROEO, αâpinene, 1,8âcineole and camphor, respectively. The IC50 value through DPPH analysis and percentage inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation of ROEO were 0.042 ΌL mLâ1 and 71.05%, respectively. The targeted site of antifungal action of ROEO was confirmed as plasma membrane through ergosterol measurement and TEM analysis. Moreover, ROEO significantly protected Piper nigrum fruits against mould infestation upto 6 months in in vivo trial.