Tracing gadolinium-based contrast agents from surface water to drinking water by means of speciation analysis

Birka, Marvin; Wehe, Christoph A.; Hachmöller, Oliver; Sperling, Michael; Kärst, Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.050

Cited by 66 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Additional studies examining lower doses and less frequent administrations of GBCAs are needed. Second, the chelation state of these gadolinium deposits cannot be assessed by using the analytical methods utilized within this article; however, recent work by Birka et al using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-ICP-MS has demonstrated an effective means of gadolinium tissue deposit speciation (18). Third, although no neurologic symptoms or sequelae appear to be associated with gadolinium deposition in humans or rodents, the expected cellular and physiologic effects and ultimate clinical significance…”

Section: Neuroradiology: Comparison Of Gadolinium Concentrations Withmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…MR imaging was performed with a 3-T Signa instrument (GE Healthcare) (R.J.M., 15 years of experience; J.P.F., 36 years of experience). Unenhanced axial T1weighted images were obtained by using the following common imaging parameters: repetition time (msec)/echo time (msec), 400-700/10-15; matrix, 256 3 of elemental gadolinium in hepatic, splenic, and renal tissues of control rats were noted and likely reflect rare earth metal groundwater contamination (18,19). In these tissues, elemental gadolinium concentrations were several orders of magnitude higher in GBCAexposed rats compared with the concentrations observed in neural tissues (liver, 8.9-511.6 mg gadolinium per gram of tissue; spleen, 11.9-647.8 mg gadolinium per gram of tissue; kidney, 49.5-2179.7 mg gadolinium per gram of tissue).…”

Section: Mr Imaging Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Gadolinium Concentrations within Multiple Rat Organs after Intravenous Administration of Linear versus Macrocyclic Gadolinium Chelates

et al. 2017

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Purpose To compare gadolinium tissue concentrations of multiple linear and macrocyclic chelates in a rat model to better understand the scope and extent of tissue deposition following multiple intravenous doses of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). Materials and Methods In this Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee-approved study, healthy rats received 20 intravenous injections of 2.5 mmol gadolinium per kilogram (gadolinium-exposed group) or saline (control group) over a 26-day period. Unenhanced T1 signal intensities of the dentate nucleus were measured from magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained prior to GBCA injection and 3 days after final injection. Rat brain and renal, hepatic, and splenic tissues were harvested 7 days after final injection and subjected to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy for quantification and characterization of gadolinium deposits. Results Gadolinium deposition in brain tissue significantly varied with GBCA type (F = 31.2; P < .0001), with median concentrations of 0 μg gadolinium per gram of tissue (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0, 0.2) in gadoteridol-injected rats, 1.6 μg gadolinium per gram of tissue (95% CI: 0.9, 4.7) in gadobutrol-injected rats, 4.7 μg gadolinium per gram of tissue (95% CI: 3.5, 6.1) in gadobenate dimeglumine-injected rats, and 6.9 μg gadolinium per gram of tissue (95% CI: 6.2, 7.0) in gadodiamide-injected rats; a significant positive dose-signal intensity correlation was identified (ρ = 0.93; P < .0001). No detectable neural tissue deposition or MR imaging signal was observed in control rats (n = 6). Similar relative differences in gadolinium deposition were observed in renal, hepatic, and splenic tissues at much higher tissue concentrations (P < .0001). Gadolinium deposits were visualized directly in the endothelial capillary walls and neural interstitium in GBCA-injected rats, but not in control rats. Conclusion Tissue deposition of gadolinium was two- to fourfold higher following administration of the linear agents gadodiamide and gadobenate dimeglumine compared with the macrocyclic agents gadobutrol and gadoteridol. These findings suggest that organ tissue deposition is reduced but not eliminated following administration of macrocyclic GBCA chelates in lieu of linear chelates. RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

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Section: Neuroradiology: Comparison Of Gadolinium Concentrations Withmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Mr Imaging Acquisition and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Gadolinium Concentrations within Multiple Rat Organs after Intravenous Administration of Linear versus Macrocyclic Gadolinium Chelates

et al. 2017

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“…Lindner et al [148] employed HILIC-ICP-MS in an optimized speciation method and directly determined Gd-BT-DO3A, Gd-DOTA, and Gd-BOPTA in Berlin tap water, which have been previously found in surface waters of Berlin. By utilizing a sector field-based ICP-MS in the low-resolution mode and employing an ultra-sonic nebulization, Birka et al [149] accomplished further improvements in sensitivities and decreased the detection limits for single species down to 0.9 ng/L, allowing the performance of speciation analysis in drinking water ( Table 5). The analytical results of anthropogenic Gd speciation in aqueous samples are listed in Table 6.…”

Section: Speciation Of Gd-casmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HILIC-ICP-MS 8 to 14 pmol/L Gd [149] SEC-ICP-MS = Size-exclusion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; IC-ICP-MS = Ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; HILIC-ESI-MS = Hydrophilic interaction chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry; HPLC-ICP-OES = Hydrophilic interaction chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy; HILIC-ICP-MS = Hydrophilic interaction chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; HILIC-ICP-SFMS = Hydrophilic interaction chromatography-inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry…”

Section: Hilic-icp-ms 14 To 35 Ng/l Gd [148]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium as an Emerging Microcontaminant in Water Resources: Threats and Opportunities

Ebrahimi

Barbieri

2019

Geosciences

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As a result of high doses of paramagnetic gadolinium (Gd) chelates administered in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams, their unmetabolized excretion, and insufficient removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), large amounts of anthropogenic Gd (Gdanth) are released into surface water. The upward trend of gadolinium-based contrast agent (Gd-CA) administrations is expected to continue growing and consequently higher and higher anthropogenic Gd concentrations are annually recorded in water resources, which can pose a great threat to aquatic organisms and human beings. In addition, the feasibility of Gd retention in patients administered with Gd-CAs repeatedly, and even potentially fatal diseases, including nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), due to trace amounts of Gd have recently arisen severe health concerns. Thus, there is a need to investigate probable adverse health effects of currently marketed Gd-CAs meticulously and to modify the actual approach in using Gd contrast media in daily practice in order to minimize unknown possible health risks. Furthermore, the employment of enhanced wastewater treatment processes that are capable of removing the stable contrast agents, and the evaluation of the ecotoxicity of Gd chelates and human exposure to these emerging contaminants through dermal and ingestion pathways deserve more attention. On the other hand, point source releases of anthropogenic Gd into the aquatic environment presents the opportunity to assess surface water—groundwater interactions and trace the fate of wastewater plume as a proxy for the potential presence of other microcontaminants associated with treated wastewater in freshwater and marine systems.

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“…12 Dedicated analytical methods have been developed to monitor and quantify Gd species in the environment using HILIC stationary phases in narrow-bore or classical format, most widely functionalised by zwitterionic groups, and packed with fully porous particles of diameters exceeding 3 mm. [13][14][15] To the best of our knowledge and excluding our previous work, sub-2 mm FPP-packed columns have only been used in one recent study dealing with speciation, 16 while various polar stationary phases have been developed with this technology since its commercial introduction in 2004. 17 Furthermore, the majority of polar SPP-packed stationary phases dedicated to hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography are unmodied silica, 18 despite numerous columns packed with SPP of different sizes, chemistries and porous shell thickness, have become available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of superficially and fully porous particles for HILIC separation of lanthanide–polyaminocarboxylic species and simultaneous coupling to ESIMS and ICPMS

et al. 2018

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Tracing gadolinium-based contrast agents from surface water to drinking water by means of speciation analysis

Cited by 66 publications

References 29 publications

Comparison of Gadolinium Concentrations within Multiple Rat Organs after Intravenous Administration of Linear versus Macrocyclic Gadolinium Chelates

Comparison of Gadolinium Concentrations within Multiple Rat Organs after Intravenous Administration of Linear versus Macrocyclic Gadolinium Chelates

Gadolinium as an Emerging Microcontaminant in Water Resources: Threats and Opportunities

Evaluation of superficially and fully porous particles for HILIC separation of lanthanide–polyaminocarboxylic species and simultaneous coupling to ESIMS and ICPMS

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