Tracing global lithium flow: A trade-linked material flow analysis

Sun, Xin; Hao, Han; Zhao, Fuquan; Liu, Zongwei

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.04.012

Cited by 188 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In Taiwan, since 2012, the Lithium battery industry has focused on the application of EV batteries and solar cells [9]. At present, there are many manufacturers that have invested in technologies related to the development of automotive Lithium batteries so that the lithium battery industry can be more perfect [10,11]. Chang's Ascending Enterprise Company, Ltd. (CAEC, Taichung City, Taiwan), the upstream manufacturer of lithium batteries, in which the Formosa Plastics Group has invested, has been in the field of car battery layout for a long time [12].…”

Section: The Current Trends Of Lithium Battery Industries In China Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chang's Ascending Enterprise Company, Ltd. (CAEC, Taichung City, Taiwan), the upstream manufacturer of lithium batteries, in which the Formosa Plastics Group has invested, has been in the field of car battery layout for a long time [12]. Many middle-and down-stream manufacturers have also begun to transform, in an effort to not become absent from global supply chains [11][12][13]. In summary, Chinese manufacturers are expected to focus on the placement strategy of the lithium battery market in the next few years, while Taiwanese manufacturers will mainly focus on a technology-oriented direction [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: The Current Trends Of Lithium Battery Industries In China Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Dividend Policy Decision-Making Mechanism of Chinese and Taiwanese Lithium Battery Industries

et al. 2020

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This study mainly focuses on the mechanisms and influencing factors of formulating dividend policies in the Chinese and Taiwanese lithium battery industries. According to the relevant literature, enterprises should consider financial status, project operations, the decision preferences of their executives, and shareholder equity when drawing up dividend policies. This study first uses the Modified Delphi Approach to set up the hierarchy analysis structure, and then use the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process for the study method. From the empirical results, this study finds that there exist differences between Chinese and Taiwanese lithium battery manufacturing supply chains, in terms of the process and considered factors when making decisions regarding dividend policies. The empirical results of the study show that dividend policies of Chinese lithium battery manufacturers emphasize more on the future growth of enterprises, earnings expectation and retained earnings, investment decisions, enterprise scale, and operating performance and profit whereas Taiwanese lithium battery manufacturers focus more on information asymmetry.

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Section: The Current Trends Of Lithium Battery Industries In China Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Trends Of Lithium Battery Industries In China Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Dividend Policy Decision-Making Mechanism of Chinese and Taiwanese Lithium Battery Industries

et al. 2020

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“…With more than 3 million electric vehicles (EV) 2 emphasis on lithium criticality with larger discussions than resources or reserves constraints insisting for example on the impact of recycling [44], [45] or battery technologies [46], including more and more economic concerns such as economies of scale [47]. Geopolitical dimension has also been discussed through global material flow analysis (MFA) [48], [49].…”

Section: Fig 1 : Number Of Publications Related To Criticalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical raw materials and transportation sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport

et al. 2019

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Integrated assessment models are generally not constrained by raw materials supply. In this article, the interactions between a wide diffusion of electric vehicles in the world transportation sector and the lithium supply are analysed in the Times Integrated Assessment Model (TIAM-IFPEN version). The lithium sector and a detailed representation of the transportation sector have been then implemented into the TIAM-IFPEN processes constituting the global energy system. Hence, the availability of this strategic material to supply the growing demand for low-carbon technologies in the context of the energy transition can be questioned. Incorporating an endogenous representation of the lithium supply chain allows investigating its dynamic criticality depending on several optimal technology paths that represent different climate and/or mobility scenarios between 2005 and 2050. It is the first detailed global bottom-up energy model with an endogenous disaggregated raw materials supply chain. Based on our simulations, the geological, geopolitical and economic dimensions of criticality are discussed. Four scenarios have been run: two climate scenarios (4°C and 2°C) with two shapes of mobility each: a high mobility where we consider the impact of urban dispersal with a huge car dependence/usage, and a low mobility in which the demand for individual road transport is lower due to a more sustainable urban planning and more public transport. The electric vehicles fleet should reach up to 1/3 of global fleet by 2050 in the 4°C scenarios, while it could be up to 3/4 in the 2°C scenarios both with high mobility, mostly located in Asian countries (China, India and other developing countries in Asia) due to the large presence of 2 and 3-wheelers. The penetration of electric vehicles has a major impact on lithium market. The cumulated demand over the period 2005-2050 reaches up to 53% of the current resources in the 2°C scenario with a high mobility. These results tend to show an absence of geological criticality. Nevertheless, they have clearly highlighted other different forms of vulnerabilities, whether economic, industrial, geopolitical or environmental. A discussion about the future risk factors on the lithium market is done at a regional scale aiming at analysing more in-depth the impact of the electric vehicle on lithium market. Our study of this particular strategic material shows that the model could be a useful decision-making tool for assessing future raw material market in the context of the energy transition and could be extended to other critical raw materials for more efficient regional and sectorial screening.

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“…4 However, EOL LIBs are a potential source of valuable metals (e.g., Ni, Mn, Li or Co), and pressures have already been imposed on the supply chain of these materials. 5 Therefore, it is vitally important to develop recycling methodologies that are ecologically friendly and economically feasible for EOL LIBs in the present time and future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disassembly Automation for Recycling End-of-Life Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2019

JOM

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Rapid advances in the use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and electric grid storage have led to a large number of end-of-life (EOL) LIBs awaiting recycling to reclaim critical materials and eliminate environmental hazards. This article studies automatic mechanical separation methodology for EOL pouch LIBs with Z-folded electrode-separator compounds (ESC). Customized handling tools are designed, manufactured, and assembled into an automatic disassembly system prototype that consists of three modules. Verification experiments utilizing dummy cells prove that the main components of pouch LIBs (cathode sheets, anode sheets, separators, and polymer-laminated aluminum film housing) can be automatically separated and extracted with well-preserved integrity using our proposed disassembly strategy.

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Tracing global lithium flow: A trade-linked material flow analysis

Cited by 188 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of the Dividend Policy Decision-Making Mechanism of Chinese and Taiwanese Lithium Battery Industries

Analysis of the Dividend Policy Decision-Making Mechanism of Chinese and Taiwanese Lithium Battery Industries

Critical raw materials and transportation sector electrification: A detailed bottom-up analysis in world transport

Disassembly Automation for Recycling End-of-Life Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells

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