Tracing Molecular Gas in z $\simeq$ 6 Galaxies with [C${\rm \scriptsize II}$]

Vizgan, David; Greve, Thomas R.; Olsen, Karen P.; Zanella, Anita; Narayanan, Desika; Davè, Romeel; Magdis, Georgios E.; Popping, Gergö; Valentino, Francesco; Heintz, Kasper E.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.05316

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

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“…The use of [C ] as an H 2 tracer is frequently adopted for high-𝑧 galaxies (e.g. Zanella et al 2018;Madden et al 2020;Vizgan et al 2022), thanks to ALMA's ability to observe this line in the very distant Universe. Using [C ] for such estimations is, however, not straightforward since significant fraction of the total [C ] luminosity can originate from the non-molecular ISM, such as H regions and the warm neutral medium (e.g.…”

Section: Tracing Molecular Gas Under Different Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDFchem: A new fast method to determine ISM properties and infer environmental parameters using probability distributions

Bisbas

Dishoeck

et al. 2022

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Determining the atomic and molecular content of the interstellar medium (ISM) is of fundamental importance to understand the star-formation process. Although there exist various three-dimensional hydro-chemical codes modelling the ISM, they are computationally expensive and inefficient for studies over a large parameter space. Building on our earlier approach, we present PDFchem, a novel algorithm that models the cold ISM at moderate and large scales using functions connecting the quantities of the local (AV, eff) and the observed (AV, obs) visual extinctions, and the local number density, nH, with probability density functions (PDF) of AV, obs on cloud scales typically tens-to-hundreds of pc as an input. For any given AV, obs-PDF, the algorithm instantly computes the average abundances of the most important species (H i, H2, C ii, C i, CO, OH, OH+, H2O+, CH, HCO+) and performs radiative transfer calculations to estimate the average emission of the most commonly observed lines ([C ii] 158μm, both [C i] fine-structure lines and the first five rotational transitions of 12CO). We examine two AV, obs-PDFs corresponding to a non star-forming and a star-forming ISM region, under a variety of environmental parameters combinations. These cover FUV intensities in the range of χ/χ0 = 10−1 − 103, cosmic-ray ionization rates in the range of ζCR = 10−17 − 10−13 s−1 and metallicities in the range of Z = 0.1 − 2 Z⊙. PDFchem is fast, easy to use, reproduces the PDR quantities of the hydrodynamical models and can be used directly with observed data of the cold ISM.

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Section: Tracing Molecular Gas Under Different Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDFchem: A new fast method to determine ISM properties and infer environmental parameters using probability distributions

Bisbas

Dishoeck

et al. 2022

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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A scaling relation in [C ii]-detected galaxies and its likely application in cosmology

Gao

Wang

2022

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We identify and investigate a possible correlation between the $\rm {[C\,II]} \,158{-}{\mu }m$ luminosity and linewidth in the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies. Observationally, the strength of the $\rm {[C\,II]}\, 158{-}{\mu }m$ emission line is usually stronger than that of the carbon monoxide (CO) emission line and this $\rm {[C\,II]}$ line has been used as another tracer of the galactic characteristics. Moreover, many $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies are identified in z > 4. Motivated by previous studies of the CO luminosity–full width at half-maximum correlation relation (LFR) and the available new $\rm {[C\,II]}$ measurements, we compile samples of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies in the literature and perform the linear regression analysis. The $\rm {[C\,II]}$ LFR is confirmed at a robust level. We also demonstrate the possible application of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$ LFR by utilizing it on the distance measurement of the high-z galaxy. As a result, we extend the cosmic spatial scale beyond the redshift z of 7. With the outcome of the distance measurement, we constrain the cosmology parameters in the Chevallier–Polarski–Linder model, which considers the evolution of dark energy. Consequently, the uncertainties of the w0 and wa are reduced significantly when the measured distance data of the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies are included in the cosmological parameter constraint, exemplifying the potential of using the $\rm {[C\,II]}$-detected galaxies as a tracer to constrain the cosmological parameters.

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Tracing Molecular Gas in z $\simeq$ 6 Galaxies with [C${\rm \scriptsize II}$]

Cited by 2 publications

References 84 publications

PDFchem: A new fast method to determine ISM properties and infer environmental parameters using probability distributions

PDFchem: A new fast method to determine ISM properties and infer environmental parameters using probability distributions

A scaling relation in [C ii]-detected galaxies and its likely application in cosmology

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