Tracing pathogens in red meat and game production chains and at the abattoir

Whyte, Paul; Fanning, Séamus; O’Brien, S.; O’Grady, Luke; Solomon, Katie

doi:10.1533/9780857090508.4.393

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Of the livestock regularly slaughtered in abattoirs (e.g., cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and horses), cattle, and especially dairy cows, display the largest variations in disease history and diversity, due to their longer periods of exposure to different epidemiological factors throughout their productive cycle [10]. The abattoir we have selected collects animals to be slaughtered from industrial (from 100 to 10,000 heads), as well as small-scale integrated backyard, livestock production units (usually 20-30 heads), located within ~45,000 km 2 . The slaughtering capacity of the abattoir is around 330-350 cattle per day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, red meat (e.g., cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and horses) is recognized as an important protein source in human nutrition. However, the continuous expansion of different infectious and parasitic-origin diseases, in the context of climate change, constitutes one of the greatest challenges for the meat industry in keeping the hierarchy of red meat in the human diet [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Causes of Post-Mortem Carcass and Organ Condemnations and Economic Loss Assessment in a Cattle Slaughterhouse

Ciui,

Morar,

Tîrziu

et al. 2023

Animals

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The study was undertaken to investigate the main causes of carcass and organ condemnations, as well as to estimate the financial losses suffered by a cattle slaughterhouse. In this regard, an active abattoir survey, based on standard post-mortem inspection procedures for meat, was conducted on 151,741 cattle, from January 2021 to December 2022. Overall, 13.27% (n = 20,125) of the carcasses expressed lesions or pathological conditions and, out of them, 1.15% (n = 1738) were totally confiscated, while another 12.12% (n = 18,387) were partially admitted for human consumption. In the case of organs, the general inspection data reveal that 12.28% (n = 18,630), 7.56% (n = 11,477), 1.89% (n = 2862), and 0.27% (n = 412) of the examined liver, lung, heart, and kidney specimens presented one or more types of abnormalities. In addition, regarding the types of specific pathological findings, dystrophies/anomalies (69.8%), circulatory disorders (40.6%), fecal contamination (60.9%), and suspected bacterial/viral infections showed a dominant occurrence in the liver, lung, heart, and kidneys, respectively. Consequently, the total direct financial losses resulting from edible part condemnation over the two years was estimated at EUR 4,021,717.3, which represents 1.17% of the total achievable net revenue without carcass and organ condemnation. Of this, EUR 3,661,400.4 (1.07%) and EUR 360,316.9 (8.73%) was related to carcass and organ condemnation, respectively. The study results demonstrate that the post-mortem inspection of meat at the slaughterhouse level plays a crucial role in identifying pathological lesions, in addition to some other issues, such as fecal contamination or non-compliant laboratory results, relevant to both public health and economic factors.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Post-Mortem Carcass and Organ Condemnations and Economic Loss Assessment in a Cattle Slaughterhouse

Ciui,

Morar,

Tîrziu

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…The tasks (and opportunities) of these 'visiting veterinarians' are similar to what is well established in bovine and porcine herd health management. According to Whyte et al, 3 'the traditional role of herd health is to control or eliminate diseases and management inefficiencies that impact on animal welfare or limit productivity...' in the present context, productivity can refer to reproductive performance, which in the authors' opinion is about attaining realistic breeding goals. Rather than maximising the number of litters in a cattery or from one individual cat, the focus is on achieving pregnancies when attempted, with a satisfactory number of vital and healthy newborns that survive.…”

Section: Cat Reproduction As 'Herd Health Medicine' -A New Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Management in Catteries: Optimising health and wellbeing through veterinarian-breeder collaboration

Goericke-Pesch

Packeiser

2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Many veterinarians – even those engaged in small animal reproduction – are uncomfortable with taking care of cat breeders or being in charge of catteries. Likely reasons for this are that feline reproduction is largely under-represented in undergraduate and graduate reproduction teaching, as well as in postgraduate education and science, whereas cat breeders themselves are often well informed and actively share knowledge with other cat breeders via the internet and social media. Clinical challenges: A variety of problems can exist within a cattery, and collaboration between veterinarian and breeder to solve these is ultimately beneficial for the breeder, for the veterinarian, and for the health and wellbeing of the individual cats and of the cattery as a whole. Aim: This review presents a comprehensive overview of aspects of cattery management that might negatively impact reproduction, including sanitation, hygiene and infectious disease control. It also discusses monitoring of reproductive performance, breeding recommendations, and the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to some common and specific problems. Equipment and technical skills: Reproductive management in the cattery requires no specialised equipment, as such. What it does need is an open mind, in terms of seeing how things are done, an open ear, for listening to the breeder, and the veterinarian’s clinical skills in palpation, auscultation and, where required, further examination of the animals. Keeping abreast of the latest information on infectious diseases, disinfection and genetics ensures proper advice is provided. Evidence base: Current knowledge of reproductive management in catteries is summarised in order to apply an evidence-based approach, whenever possible. Notwithstanding, much of the information remains empirical.

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“…Cross‐contamination between carcasses after slaughter is described as one of the risk factors for carcass contamination with pathogens (Borcher and Arinder, 2002). Next to direct contact between carcasses, sources of contamination such as walls, floors, food contact surfaces, knives, operators and the generation of aerosols and dust in the abattoir are responsible for cross‐contamination (Whyte et al., 2011). Infectious agents may be present on the surfaces or in the interior of organs or the carcasses of slaughtered animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria can be transferred from the skin, hides, intestinal tract and abattoir surroundings and chill areas during slaughter and processing (Grau, 1986; O'Brien et al., 2005). As well as spoilage organisms, these microorganisms may include animal pathogens if, for example, the animal is infected at the time of slaughter (Whyte et al., 2011). An extended storage of 24–72 h of carcasses before PMI will extend the time for a possible cross‐contamination between carcasses through aerosols and dust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of public and animal health risks in case of a delayed post‐mortem inspection in ungulates

Koutsoumanis¹,

Allende²,

Álvarez‐Ordóñez³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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The potential effects of a 24 or 72-h delay in post-mortem inspection (PMI) of ungulates on public health and monitoring of animal health and welfare was evaluated. The assessment used a survey of meat inspectors, expert opinion, literature search and a stochastic model for Salmonella detection sensitivity. Disease detection sensitivity at a delayed PMI is expected to reduce detection sensitivity to a variable extent, depending on the hazard and on the signs/lesions and organs involved. No reduction is expected for Trichinella detection in meat from susceptible animal species and any decrease in detection of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) will not exceed the current tolerance for fallen stock. A 24-h delay in PMI could result in a small reduction in sensitivity of detection for tuberculosis, echinococcosis and cysticercosis. A greater reduction is expected for the detection of pyaemia and Rift valley fever. For the detection of Salmonella, the median model estimates are a reduction of sensitivity of 66.5% (90% probability interval (PI) 0.08-99.75%) after 24-h delay and 94% (90% PI 0.83-100%) after 72-h delay of PMI. Laboratory testing for tuberculosis following a sampling delay of 24-72 h could result in no, or a moderate, decrease in detection depending on the method of confirmation used (PCR, culture, histopathology). For chemical contaminants, a delay in meat inspection of 24 or 72 h is expected to have no impact on the effectiveness of detection of persistent organic pollutants and metals. However, for certain pharmacologically active substances, there will be a reduced effectiveness to detect some of these substances due to potential degradation in the available matrices (tissues and organs) and the non-availability of specific preferred matrices of choice.

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Tracing pathogens in red meat and game production chains and at the abattoir

Cited by 4 publications

References 148 publications

Causes of Post-Mortem Carcass and Organ Condemnations and Economic Loss Assessment in a Cattle Slaughterhouse

Causes of Post-Mortem Carcass and Organ Condemnations and Economic Loss Assessment in a Cattle Slaughterhouse

Reproductive Management in Catteries: Optimising health and wellbeing through veterinarian-breeder collaboration

Evaluation of public and animal health risks in case of a delayed post‐mortem inspection in ungulates

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