Tracing Planck's constant to the kilogram by electromechanical methods

Eichenberger, A.; Jeckelmann, B.; Richard, Philippe

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/40/6/007

Cited by 91 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The measurement equation (3.10) shows which quantities need to be measured in a watt balance experiment. Detailed descriptions can be found in the review articles [17,18]. The electrical calibration constant C el includes the determination of the induced voltage and the current-related voltage drop using a Josephson voltage standard, and the calibration of the resistor needed for the current measurement against the quantized Hall resistance.…”

Section: The Principle Of the Watt Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

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The watt balance: determination of the Planck constant and redefinition of the kilogram

Stöck

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Since 1889, the international prototype of the kilogram has served as the definition of the unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI). It is the last material artefact to define a base unit of the SI, and it influences several other base units. This situation is no longer acceptable in a time of ever-increasing measurement precision. It is therefore planned to redefine the unit of mass by fixing the numerical value of the Planck constant. At the same time three other base units, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole, will be redefined. As a first step, the kilogram redefinition requires a highly accurate determination of the Planck constant in the present SI system, with a relative uncertainty of the order of 1 part in 10 8 . The most promising experiment for this purpose, and for the future realization of the kilogram, is the watt balance. It compares mechanical and electrical power and makes use of two macroscopic quantum effects, thus creating a relationship between a macroscopic mass and the Planck constant. In this paper, the operating principle of watt balance experiments is explained and the existing experiments are reviewed. An overview is given of all available experimental determinations of the Planck constant, and it is shown that further investigation is needed before the redefinition of the kilogram can take place. Independent of this requirement, a consensus has been reached on the form that future definitions of the SI base units will take.

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Section: The Principle Of the Watt Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…More details can be found in the review articles [17,18]. The published results of the experiments are reviewed and compared in the following section.…”

Section: The Existing Watt Balance Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The watt balance: determination of the Planck constant and redefinition of the kilogram

Stöck

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…El experimento que se realiza en la balanza de Watt consiste en comparar la potencia eléctrica con la potencia mecánica (Eichenberger, Jeckelmann & Richard, 2003).…”

Section: La Balanza De Wattunclassified

Sobre La Redefinición Del Kilogramo

Becerra

Gutiérrez

2011

Ingeniería

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“…The arrays contain 2000 to 3000 junctions for 1 V, to more than 10 000 junctions for 10 V (for a review of Josephson standards, see for instance [7,8] [9]. Another method, currently investigated by some NMIs with the same objective, involves a SQUID ampermeter [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Squid Ampermeter For Linking the Volt To Mechanical Si Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%