Tracing polar benzene- and naphthalenesulfonates in untreated industrial effluents and water treatment works by ion-pair chromatography-fluorescence and electrospray-mass spectrometry

In order to hyphenate ion pairing chromatography and MS detection we used several types of formates as volatile ion pairing reagents (IPRs) instead of common tetraalkylammonium salts, as these salts tend to precipitate in the ion source. The formates were prepared by mixing formic acid with the corresponding amine. Both tributyl- and trihexylammonium formate proved to be valuable IPRs for the separation of acidic compounds like nitrobenzoic acids, nitrobenzenesulfonic acids and nitrated phenols. Due to the weaker retention of the ion-pairs with trialkylammonium formates compared with tetraalkylammonium compounds, either less organic modifier or a higher concentration of the IPR had to be used. With negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry it was possible to unambiguously identify several acidic oxidation products of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in ammunition wastewater and soil extracts. 2-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzoic acid was often found to be the main metabolite of TNT in such water samples.

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“…A similar phenomenon has been observed by others [11,15], but there is no satisfactory explanation for this behavior as yet.…”

Section: Hplc-ms Analysissupporting

confidence: 76%

“…For naphthalenesulfonates [11,12,15] and polynitrophenols [16] it has been reported that the capillary exit or cone voltage has a significant effect on the fragmentation. For selected compounds we therefore scanned the signal intensity against capillary exit voltage for three major ions per compound.…”

Section: Hplc-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

HPLC-MS investigations of acidic contaminants in ammunition wastes using volatile ion-pairing reagents (VIP-LC-MS)

Schmidt

Buetehorn

Steinbach

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

148

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“…But the benzene sulfonic and carboxylic acids are difficultly biodegraded in wastewater treatment plants and they are very soluble in water. 4 So they cannot be removed by a common treatment method and are easy to enter the river. They gradually enter the groundwater, soil and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Retention Behavior of Aromatic Carboxylic and Sulfonic acid on a New Anion Exchange Column

2008

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Ion chromatography (IC) has gradually developed into a preferred method for the determination of inorganic anions. And in recent years some low molecular aliphatic acid can be also separated in the ion exchange column with the development of stationary phase. But for the determination of aromatic ionic compounds there are some problems. The aromatic anions show enhanced retention due to interaction with the π electrons of the aromatic backbone. Although the addition of an organic modifier can alleviate the difficulty, it is not the ultimate solution. IonPac AS20 column was developed using a unique polymer bonding technology and its substrate coating is aliphatic backbone. The polymer is completely free of any π electron-containing substituents in the AS20 column. In this paper, the retention behavior of aromatic carboxylic and sulfonic acid on two hydroxide-selective columns, IonPac AS11-HC, AS16, and the new column AS20 was also studied. The result showed that the retentions of ten compounds on three columns were different with each other because of their different column characteristics. Among them 4-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid, 3,5-dihydric benzoic acid and salicylic acid obviously exhibited the weakest retention on the IonPac AS20. It was showed that π-π bond function between anion and stationary phases was weakened in AS20 column because its polymer was completely free of any π electron-containing substituents. So in this paper the AS20 was selected as an analytical column to separate ten aromatic ionic compounds, fumaric acid with conjugate bond included. The retention behavior, separation of the ten compounds and effect of temperature on their retention in the anion-exchange column AS20 (2 mm) were studied. The result showed that those compounds could be separated with each other when running in gradient program and the organic modifier was unnecessary during the separation. So it is showed that AS20 column can be used as a separating column because its polymer is completely free of any π electron-containing substituents. Finally, the effect of temperature on the retention behavior in AS20 column was studied and it was showed that the retention of nine compounds exhibited endothermic behavior.

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“…Aromatic sulfonate (AS) isomers like benzene-(BZS) and naphthalenesulfonates (NS) are widely used in industrial and domestic processes [22][23][24][25][26]. Although they are not very toxic and have no genotoxic or carcinogenic effects, the microbiological persistence of some compounds is a potential environmental risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotachophoretic focusing and mass spectrometry detection as tools for improving the determination of aromatic sulfonates in capillary electrophoresis

et al. 2002

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We explored isotachophoresis-capillary zone electrophoresis (ITP-CZE) with diode array detection on a single capillary to find out how to increase the injection volume and decrease the detection limits of aromatic sulfonates in CZE. The ITP was performed by applying a negative voltage in conjunction with hydrodynamic backpressure programming, and the terminating buffer was removed before the CZE separation, which resulted in highly sensitive determinations. The ITP increased the signal response of conventional hydrodynamic injection by a factor of 100, whereas the separation efficiency was unaffected. The limits of detection of the method were between 3 and 5 nugL(-1). The method was successfully used to determine these compounds in water samples. Experimental conditions for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry were optimized and applied to determine aromatic sulfonates in water samples. These techniques enables the 2-naphthalenesulfonate to be determined in water samples.

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Tracing polar benzene- and naphthalenesulfonates in untreated industrial effluents and water treatment works by ion-pair chromatography-fluorescence and electrospray-mass spectrometry

Cited by 66 publications

References 33 publications

HPLC-MS investigations of acidic contaminants in ammunition wastes using volatile ion-pairing reagents (VIP-LC-MS)

HPLC-MS investigations of acidic contaminants in ammunition wastes using volatile ion-pairing reagents (VIP-LC-MS)

Study on the Retention Behavior of Aromatic Carboxylic and Sulfonic acid on a New Anion Exchange Column

Isotachophoretic focusing and mass spectrometry detection as tools for improving the determination of aromatic sulfonates in capillary electrophoresis

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