Tracking of sport and exercise types from midlife to old age: a 20-year cohort study of British men

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious physical activity (PA) tracking studies have examined the stability of overall PA and/or PA types, but few have investigated how specific types of sport/exercise track over the life course. The aim of this study was to determine how specific sports/exercises in midlife track and predict future sport/exercise and PA in men transitioning to old age.MethodsSeven thousand seven hundred thirty-five men (aged 40–59 years) recruited in 1978–80 were followed up after 12, 16 and 20 years. At each wave men self-reported participation in sport/exercise. Frequent sport/exercise participants (> 1/month) reported the types of sport/exercise they engaged in. Men also reported total PA, health status, lifestyle behaviours and socio-demographic characteristics. Stability of each sport/exercise was assessed using kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients. Logistic regression estimated the odds of participating in sport/exercise and being active at 20-year follow up according to specific types of sport/exercise in midlife.ResultsThree thousand three hundred eighty-four men with complete data at all waves were included in analyses. Tracking of specific sports/exercises ranged from fair to substantial, with golf being the most common and most stable. Bowls was the most frequently adopted. Odds of participating in sport/exercise and being active in old age varied according to sport/exercise types in midlife. Golf and bowls in midlife were the strongest predictors of sport/exercise participation in old age. Golf, cricket and running/jogging in midlife were among the strongest predictors of being active in old age. Compared to participating in just one sport/exercise in midlife, sampling multiple sports/exercises was more strongly associated with sport/exercise participation and being active in old age.ConclusionThe stability of sport/exercise participation from midlife to old age varies by type. Specific sports/exercises in midlife may be more likely to predict future PA than others. However, participating in a range of sports/exercises may be optimal for preserving PA into old age.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s11556-018-0205-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Golf and Health, More than 18 Holes—A Bibliometric Analysis

“…A total of 100 articles were published from 2008 to 2020 that relate golf and health. Of these 100 publications, 41 matched both databases [ 10 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 46 , 47 , 76 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 88 , 104 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 150 ].…”

“…Among the 24 works were studies related to living a healthy lifestyle in the Czech Republic [ 25 ]; physical activity to reduce mortality [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 151 , 152 , 153 ]; or rehabilitation after overcoming certain diseases [ 14 , 26 , 27 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 , 158 , 159 ]. The works dedicated to the benefit of sport in the elderly stand out [ 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 23 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. It should be noted that one of the articles with the most significant impact, published in 2012 and with 88 citations, focused on the prevention of falls through physical activity in a group of elderly Australians [ 23 ].…”

“…It should be noted that one of the articles with the most significant impact, published in 2012 and with 88 citations, focused on the prevention of falls through physical activity in a group of elderly Australians [ 23 ]. Ten publications coincided in both databases [ 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 ].…”

“…Scientific research to date has focused mainly on sports’ health benefits [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] and, more specifically, on golf [ 10 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ,…”

Assessment of muscle-strengthening exercise in public health surveillance for adults: A systematic review

“…Rates of participation ('yes' or 'no') in muscle-strengthening exercise (>0 times/week) were reported within over half of the studies (55.8%) with rates varying from as low as 1.1% (Aggio et al, 2018) to 76.9% (Cheng et al, 2007). Prevalence rates, assessed against the musclestrengthening exercise guideline (≥2 times/week), were reported in 78 (50.0%) of the articles and varied from 3.2% (Blackwell and Clarke, 2016) to 69.9% (de la Motte et al, 2019).…”