Tracking pollutant detention in constructed stormwater wetlands

Somes, Nick L; Fabian, Julius; Wong, Tony Hoong Fatt

doi:10.1016/s1462-0758(00)00037-6

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…3. This information can than be used to size and design the residence volume, permanent pool and outlet configuration (Somes et al, 1998). The simulations are assuming plug-flow condition.…”

Section: Impacts Of Variable Hydrological Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

How hydrological and hydraulic conditions affect performance of ponds

Persson

Wittgren²

2003

Ecological Engineering

156

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During the 1990s there has been a growing interest in (re)constructed wetlands and ponds for treatment of agricultural runoff, sewage water, and stormwater. Some of these facilities, however, are poorly designed in terms of hydrological and hydraulic performance, which strongly affects their treatment capacity. This paper gives an overview of the present knowledge regarding pond hydraulics in terms of effective volume ratio and dispersion. The importance of these parameters is demonstrated by modelling of nitrogen removal in 13 ponds of different design. The results show that effective volume ratio has a clear influence, which increases when removal rate coefficients increase, while dispersion is of minor importance for removal efficiency. Finally, the concept of hydraulic efficiency is discussed in the light of these results.

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Section: Impacts Of Variable Hydrological Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

How hydrological and hydraulic conditions affect performance of ponds

Persson

Wittgren²

2003

Ecological Engineering

156

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“…Wet detention ponds and constructed wetlands are among the most used and reliable technologies, achieving relatively good and consistent pollutant removal. [4][5][6] The detention of runoff water in a pond buffers the hydraulic and pollutant peaks and enables the removal of suspended solids and some of the associated pollutants. Dissolved pollutants are eliminated primarily by chemical and biological processes, [7] but the capacity of wet detention ponds to remove colloidal and dissolved pollutants is rather low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved urban stormwater treatment and pollutant removal pathways in amended wet detention ponds

Istenič

Arias

Vollertsen

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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Dissolved and colloidal bound pollutants are generally poorly removed from stormwater in wet detention ponds. These fractions are, however, the most bio-available, and therefore three wet detention ponds were amended with planted sand filters, sorption filters and addition of precipitation chemicals to enhance the removal of dissolved pollutants and pollutants associated with fine particles and colloids. The three systems treated runoff from industrial, residential and combined (residential and highway) catchments and had permanent volumes of 1,990, 6,900 and 2,680 m(3), respectively. The treatment performance of the ponds for elimination of total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (Tot-N), total phosphorous (Tot-P), PO(4)-P, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu, Hg were within the range typically reported for wet detention ponds, but the concentrations of most of the pollutants were efficiently reduced by the planted sand filters at the outlets. The sorption filters contributed to further decrease the concentration of PO(4)-P from 0.04 ± 0.05 to 0.01 ± 0.01 mg L(-1) and were also efficient in removing heavy metals. Dosing of iron sulphate to enrich the bottom sediment with iron and dosing of aluminium salts to the inlet water resulted in less growth of phytoplankton, but treatment performance was not significantly affected. Heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr and Cu) accumulated in the sediment of the ponds. The concentrations of Zn, Ni, Cu and Pb in the roots of the wetland plants were generally correlated to the concentrations in the sediments. Among 13 plant species investigated, Rumex hydrolapathum accumulated the highest concentrations of heavy metals in the roots (Concentration Factor (CF) of 4.5 and 5.9 for Zn and Ni, respectively) and Iris pseudacorus the lowest (CF < 1). The translocation of heavy metals from roots to the aboveground tissues of plants was low. Therefore the potential transfer of heavy metals from the metal-enriched sediment to the surrounding ecosystem via plant uptake and translocation is negligible.

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“…Whilst there are many publicly published examples related to performance of WSUD measures (e.g. RossRakesh et al 1999;Somes et al 2000;Greenway et al 2002;Marsalek et al 2002;Deletic & Fletcher 2006;Siriwardene et al 2007;Bratieres et al 2008;Singh & Kandasamy 2009), they relate to performance over months and years rather than decades or the life of the asset. Kadurupokune & Jayasuriya (2009) simulated the performance of a pervious pavement over seventeen years and found that the approach is effective in reducing the volume of runoff and peak flows; however, the authors recognised the need to extend laboratory base simulations to field sites.…”

Section: Assessment Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impediments and constraints in the uptake of water sensitive urban design measures in greenfield and infill developments

Sharma

Cook

Tjandraatmadja

et al. 2012

Water Science and Technology

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Water sensitive urban developments are designed with integrated urban water management concepts and water sensitive urban design measures. The initiatives that may be included are the substitution of imported drinking water with alternative sources using a fit-for-purpose approach and structural and non-structural measures for the source control of stormwater. A water sensitive approach to urban development can help in achieving sustainability objectives by minimising disturbance to ecological and hydrological processes, and also relieve stress on conventional water systems. Water sensitive urban developments remain novel in comparison with conventional approaches, so the understanding and knowledge of the systems in regards to their planning; design; implementation; operation and maintenance; health impacts and environmental impacts is still developing and thus the mainstream uptake of these approaches faces many challenges. A study has been conducted to understand these challenges through a detailed literature review, investigating a large number of local greenfield and infill developments, and conducting extensive consultation with water professionals. This research has identified the social, economic, political, institutional and technological challenges faced in implementing water sensitive urban design in greenfield and infill developments. The research found in particular that there is the need for long-term monitoring studies of water sensitive urban developments. This monitoring is important to validate the performance of novel approaches implemented and improve associated guidelines, standards, and regulatory and governance frameworks, which can lead to mainstream acceptance of water sensitive urban development approaches. The dissemination of this research will help generate awareness among water professionals, water utilities, developers, planners and regulators of the research challenges to be addressed in order to achieve more mainstream acceptance of water sensitive approaches to urban development. This study is based on existing water sensitive urban developments in Australia, however, the methodology adopted in investigating impediments to the uptake of these developments can be applied globally. It is hoped that insights from this study will benefit water professionals in other countries where there is also a move towards water sensitive urban development.

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Tracking pollutant detention in constructed stormwater wetlands

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

How hydrological and hydraulic conditions affect performance of ponds

How hydrological and hydraulic conditions affect performance of ponds

Improved urban stormwater treatment and pollutant removal pathways in amended wet detention ponds

Impediments and constraints in the uptake of water sensitive urban design measures in greenfield and infill developments

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