2009
DOI: 10.3354/meps08414
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Tracking the record of sewage discharge off Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, since 1950, using stable isotope records from antipatharians

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Cited by 40 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…Measurements of stable nitrogen isotopes (␦15N) in antipatharians at the middle of Sharm Obhur in June and July 2007 reflected rapid development and potential contamination by sewage discharges around the sharm over the previous 2 decades (59,60). This may lend support to the relatively high nitrogen loads at site 2 found in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 75%
“…Measurements of stable nitrogen isotopes (␦15N) in antipatharians at the middle of Sharm Obhur in June and July 2007 reflected rapid development and potential contamination by sewage discharges around the sharm over the previous 2 decades (59,60). This may lend support to the relatively high nitrogen loads at site 2 found in the present study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 75%
“…Gorgonian corals are important targets for isotope analyses, as they sequester N within their tissues and skeletal elements, thus preserving a weighted average of the predominant N sources over time, and therefore they may be better suited for assessing long-term sewage stress than measuring water column N concentrations or isotope ratios of ephemeral benthic organisms like macroalgae (Risk 2009;Risk et al 2009b). For example, our data show that d 15 N from corals in Akumal Bay are 3.5% enriched relative to Xaak.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Specifically, the isotopic ratio of 15 N : 14 N is regarded as an effective and direct indicator of human N pollution (Risk 2009;Risk et al 2009b). Generally, enriched isotope values (having relatively more 15 N) arise from the accumulation and degradation of human and animal wastes.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, in shallow-water black corals from the Red Sea, Risk et al (2009) found good correspondence between the number of visually counted rings and ages calculated using a bomb radiocarbon analysis compared to a local independent bomb curve. This approach has also been applied to gorgonian corals (Risk et al 2002, Sherwood et al 2005).…”
Section: Visual Ring Countsmentioning
confidence: 99%