Trade and Sustainable Development: Non-Economic Objectives in the Theory of Economic Policy

Hoekman, Bernard M.; Nelson, Douglas; Francois, Joseph

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4267085

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Therefore, consumer safety requires a dependable medium for the dissemination of data and the sale of goods. A disparity in the parties' bargaining positions in a contract provides a non-economic reason for the intervention (Hoekman, et al, 2022). Businesses' credibility is called into doubt when it is said that they impose their own set of rules and responsibilities on customers without giving them any say in the matter.…”

Section: Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protection in Jordan: The Emerging Trend

Tubishat

2024

Intl. J. Rel.

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Consumer protection and electronic commerce in Jordan are covered in this study. E-commerce is buying and selling things online. Jordan has seen a sharp increase in e-commerce, with more consumers and businesses doing business online. Consumer protection issues have been brought up by e-commerce. Jordanians who shop online run the danger of being taken advantage of. Consumers may also be misled by false advertising and refusals of returns and refunds. To protect online shoppers, this paper suggests that the Jordanian government and other interested parties address these issues. This can be accomplished by putting consumer protection legislation into place and supporting education and awareness campaigns. This study also highlights Jordan's need for e-commerce security. This can be accomplished through the use of secure payment methods and data protection laws for online businesses. This essay highlights Jordan's need to handle e-commerce and consumer safety. It underlines the necessity of legislation, instruction, and a secure e-commerce environment in order to safeguard online shoppers.

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Section: Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protection in Jordan: The Emerging Trend

Tubishat

2024

Intl. J. Rel.

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“…The theory of economic policy developed by trade economists as an extension of basic Pigouvian welfare economics provides a convenient framework for characterising and evaluating trade policy (Francois et al, 2022). Although this literature is developed at the level of technical sophistication associated with mainstream welfare and trade theory, the core intuition can be represented as a sequence of three questions (Hoekman & Nelson, 2020): What is the problem? What instruments are available to deal with the problem? Of those instruments, which politically feasible one(s) achieves the goal at lowest cost? …”

Section: Non‐economic Objectives and Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Geopolitical competition, globalisation and WTO reform

2023

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This paper discusses options to manage spillovers of unilateral trade policies motivated by national security and other non‐economic objectives on global trade and investment. Within the WTO framework, we argue a ‘specific trade concern’ mechanism is likely to be more effective than dispute settlement to address national security‐motivated trade intervention. More broadly, we propose creation of a platform for governments, supported by relevant international organisations, to enhance transparency and assess the effectiveness and magnitude of the spillover effects of trade/related policies of systemic import. This would serve to help identify efficient instruments to achieve economic and non‐economic goals and inform WTO reform discussions on subsidies and discriminatory trade policies. Plurilateral cooperation among like‐minded nations offers a pragmatic pathway to address spillover effects of policies to achieve security and other non‐economic objectives but requires a stronger governance framework to ensure consistency with an open multilateral trading system.

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Noneconomic Objectives, Global Value Chains and International Cooperation

Hoekman,

Mavroidis,

Nelson

2023

Ital Econ J

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Systemic conflicts increasingly affect the global value chains (GVCs) underpinning globalization by creating policy uncertainty and politicizing trade and investment decisions. Unilateral policies to attain competitiveness and noneconomic objectives (NEOs), including national security, create incentives for international cooperation to attenuate policy spillovers. Recent initiatives seeking to do so are organized around supply chain governance and need not be anchored in trade agreements. Whether such cooperation is feasible and can be designed to be effective in realizing NEOs is unclear. Plurilateral GVC-centered cooperation offers a potential path for states to pursue NEOs and reduce policy uncertainty for international business. Research offers little guidance to policymakers on the design of such cooperation. A key open question is to determine whether explicit market access commitments are necessary to sustain cooperation. Creating mechanisms for the epistemic communities that are concerned with a specific NEO or policy area to interact with stakeholders and lead firms operating international production networks can help inform the design of cooperation to attain NEOs more efficiently.

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Trade and Sustainable Development: Non-Economic Objectives in the Theory of Economic Policy

Cited by 3 publications

References 32 publications

Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protection in Jordan: The Emerging Trend

Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protection in Jordan: The Emerging Trend

Geopolitical competition, globalisation and WTO reform

Noneconomic Objectives, Global Value Chains and International Cooperation

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