Trade in Zambian Edible Orchids—DNA Barcoding Reveals the Use of Unexpected Orchid Taxa for Chikanda

Veldman, Sarina; Kim, Seol-Jong; Andel, Tinde van; Font, Maria Bello; Bone, Ruth E.; Bytebier, Benny; Chuba, David; Gravendeel, Barbara; Martos, Florent; Mpatwa, Geophat; Ngugi, Grace; Vinya, Royd; Wightman, Nicholas; Yokoya, Kazutoma; Boer, Hugo de

doi:10.3390/genes9120595

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…4) (Veldman et al 2014). Chikanda is made from the tubers of different species of several endangered terrestrial orchid genera (Veldman et al 2018). Davenport and Ndangalasi (2003) estimated that between 2.2 and 4.1 million tubers are harvested per year for this purpose, with species of Disa, Satyrium, and Habenaria and, more recently, the Brachycorythis genera being the most popular.…”

Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Davenport and Ndangalasi (2003) estimated that between 2.2 and 4.1 million tubers are harvested per year for this purpose, with species of Disa, Satyrium, and Habenaria and, more recently, the Brachycorythis genera being the most popular. Tanzania's Southern Highlands are a major source of these orchids, with at least 85 species that have been identified, while 35 marketable tuber species have been identified in Zambia (Veldman et al 2018). Although there have been many ethnobotanical studies and collections of herbarium orchid specimens in the past (Nyomora 2005;Veldman et al 2017), population density studies are relatively limited, making it difficult to assess the impact of harvesting on wild populations.…”

Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, chikanda orchids are harvested, traded, sold, and consumed by local communities and the diminishing quality and quantity of the species used to support this food-related use will make it increasingly rare without the establishment of cultivation protocols (Lalika et al 2013;Hinsley et al 2018). In a sense, chikanda has now transformed from being a traditional food produced and eaten in northern rural areas (where foraging orchids was a major aspect of local ecological systems), to a lucrative source of income with an established local value chain that is supported by orchid trade between Zambia and Tanzania, Angola, Malawi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (Kasulo et al 2009;Veldman et al 2018). Despite recent attempts at propagating these edible orchids, they have only started after decades of wild harvesting and urban commercialisation (Davenport and Ndangalasi 2003).…”

Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leveraging the potential of wild food for healthy, sustainable, and equitable local food systems: learning from a transformation lab in the Western Cape region

Pereira

Kushitor²,

Cramer³

et al. 2022

Sustain Sci

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Food insecurity and diet-related diseases do not only have detrimental effects to human health, but are also underpinned by food systems that are environmentally unsustainable and culturally disconnected. Ensuring access to a healthy, affordable, and sustainable diet is one of the greatest challenges facing many low- and middle-income countries such as South Africa. These challenges in accessing a diverse diet often persist despite biocultural richness. For example, South Africa is globally recognised for its rich biodiversity, an ecologically unrivalled coastline, and a rich body of traditional knowledge amongst wild-food users. In this paper, we explore the potential that coastal wild foods as neglected and underutilised species (NUS) can play in local food systems in South Africa’s Western Cape Province. Following a previously established transformation lab (T-Lab) method, here we report the observations and outcomes emerging from a two-day workshop held in May 2019 with a group of 40 actors involved in the local food system in diverse ways. Farmers, small-scale fishers, indigenous knowledge holders, representatives from non-profit organisations, chefs, bartenders, academics, activists, conservationists, and government officials were brought together with the aim of strengthening an emerging coalition of coastal wild food actors. Findings highlighted the existence of a fledgling economy for coastal wild foods, driven by high-end chefs. The T-Lab was essentially a tool of knowledge co-production around food system transformation and helped to surface deeply embedded issues on land, race, history, and culture that warrant engagement if a better food system is to emerge. In a country that is drought prone and vulnerable to climate change, a more resilient and sustainable food system is a necessity. But defining alternative governance systems to shift towards a healthier, more sustainable, and more equitable food system will require concerted effort across all stakeholders.

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Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coastal Wild Foods As a Cornerstone Of Sustainable And Healt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Leveraging the potential of wild food for healthy, sustainable, and equitable local food systems: learning from a transformation lab in the Western Cape region

Pereira

Kushitor²,

Cramer³

et al. 2022

Sustain Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are many examples of barcoding applied to CITES-listed taxa, most of which concern terrestrial plants [262][263][264][265][266][267] and vertebrates [268][269][270][271][272]. Barcoding of marine animals in the international trade has been widely applied to sharks [273][274][275][276][277][278][279], for which advanced genetic technologies are available [280].…”

Section: Use Of Molecular Tools In Hippocampus Diversity Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Seahorse Species (Hippocampus spp.) in the International Aquarium Trade

Koning

Hoeksema

2021

Diversity

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Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are threatened as a result of habitat degradation and overfishing. They have commercial value as traditional medicine, curio objects, and pets in the aquarium industry. There are 48 valid species, 27 of which are represented in the international aquarium trade. Most species in the aquarium industry are relatively large and were described early in the history of seahorse taxonomy. In 2002, seahorses became the first marine fishes for which the international trade became regulated by CITES (Convention for the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), with implementation in 2004. Since then, aquaculture has been developed to improve the sustainability of the seahorse trade. This review provides analyses of the roles of wild-caught and cultured individuals in the international aquarium trade of various Hippocampus species for the period 1997–2018. For all species, trade numbers declined after 2011. The proportion of cultured seahorses in the aquarium trade increased rapidly after their listing in CITES, although the industry is still struggling to produce large numbers of young in a cost-effective way, and its economic viability is technically challenging in terms of diet and disease. Whether seahorse aquaculture can benefit wild populations will largely depend on its capacity to provide an alternative livelihood for subsistence fishers in the source countries. For most species, CITES trade records of live animals in the aquarium industry started a few years earlier than those of dead bodies in the traditional medicine trade, despite the latter being 15 times higher in number. The use of DNA analysis in the species identification of seahorses has predominantly been applied to animals in the traditional medicine market, but not to the aquarium trade. Genetic tools have already been used in the description of new species and will also help to discover new species and in various other kinds of applications.

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“…Each sample was found to contain 1-55 species [94]. RbcL, matK and ITS were also used in combination to determine 16 orchid species as components of a common food named Chikanda in Zambia [95]. Based on this foundation, the authors alerted the overharvesting condition and called for the conservation of these rare orchids.…”

Section: Application Of Barcodes To Develop Other Identification Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics Analysis on DNA Barcode Sequences for Species Identification: A Review

2019

ARRB

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Classification of organisms is the primary step in management of biodiversity, breeding, conservation and development of populations and distinguishing adulterant objects. There are many approaches in taxonomic identification, from morphological, PCR-based to sequence-based techniques. Molecular methods give more accurate results than morphological comparisons and are independent of plant stages. PCR-based methods are low-cost but their limited information gives less reproducibility and can only distinguish samples among determined groups. In contrast, in sequence-based methods each nucleotide site is considered as genetic information hence a sequence of nucleotide represents large data, which is highly specific and more stable than PCR bands. Establishment of worldwide DNA library for barcoding is essential. There were previous reviews on screenings and applications of barcodes in different taxa. In this review we discussed common bioinformatics analyses as well as some new improved techniques relying on barcoding approaches.

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Trade in Zambian Edible Orchids—DNA Barcoding Reveals the Use of Unexpected Orchid Taxa for Chikanda

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Leveraging the potential of wild food for healthy, sustainable, and equitable local food systems: learning from a transformation lab in the Western Cape region

Leveraging the potential of wild food for healthy, sustainable, and equitable local food systems: learning from a transformation lab in the Western Cape region

Diversity of Seahorse Species (Hippocampus spp.) in the International Aquarium Trade

Bioinformatics Analysis on DNA Barcode Sequences for Species Identification: A Review

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