Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Mendonça, Sandro; Pereira, Tiago Santos; Godinho, Manuel Mira

doi:10.1016/j.respol.2004.09.005

Cited by 387 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is a binary variable equal to one (1) if the establishment has intellectual property rights, having registered a brand, a patent or both. Companies use different strategies to innovate and develop new products, which are protected via patents or trademark registration in order to differentiate their products (Archibugi and Pianta, 1996;Mendonça et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Innovation and Productivity across Mexican Manufacturing Firms

Brown¹,

Guzmán²

2014

Journal of Technology Management & Innovation

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Following the Crépon-Duguet-Mairesse Model (1998), using a database with 2,078 Mexican manufacturing establishments from 2004 to 2006, adapting available proxy variables and proposing a different productivity estimation, this article sets out: Which is their innovation propensity? Which factors push on their innovation efforts? Are these efforts and the innovation favoring labor productivity? The main findings are: Mexican manufacturing establishments with a higher innovation propensity are the largest, with high technological intensity and market share. Advertising, knowledge appropriability, FDI, TT and access to credit have a positive effect on innovation efforts. Moreover, the innovation effort, together with export levels, FDI and access to technology have influenced the innovation of new processes and/or designs, particularly in local firms as compared to foreign firms. Finally, the variables: innovation, labour remunerations and capital intensity have a substantial effect on labor productivity and at a lower level market share, FDI and total quality control.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation and Productivity across Mexican Manufacturing Firms

Brown¹,

Guzmán²

2014

Journal of Technology Management & Innovation

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“…in industries in which the rate of new firm formation tends to be higher (cf. Mendonça et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

De Jure Determinants of New Firm Formation: How the Pillars of Constitutions Influence Entrepreneurship

Carbonara

Santarelli

2015

SSRN Journal

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This paper provides empirical evidence supporting the view that constitutions may influence the organization of economic activities. Dealing with the issue of the institutional determinants of entrepreneurship, it shows that some of the provisions contained in national constitutions are positively and significantly associated to a standard measure of entrepreneurial dynamics, namely the rate of new business density. Using a novel dataset containing the characteristics of the constitutions enacted in the world and a sample of 115 countries, the paper finds that provisions about the right to conduct/establish a business, the right to strike, consumer protection, protection of trademarks, and education promote higher rates of new firm formation.

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“…The highly signicant correlation of a rm's innovation activities and its use of trademarks conrms related studies (Mendonca et al, 2004;Greenhalgh and Rogers, 2012). Whether innovation activities lead to trademark registrations or the reverse, a rm's brands lead to innovation activities is not clear.…”

Section: Innovation Mattersmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…New trademarks are correlated with the introduction of new product innovations, what qualies trademarks as proxies for innovation (Mendonca et al, 2004;Jensen and Webster, 2009). But what causes this correlation?…”

Section: The Link Between Innovation and Trademarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Firms Use Trademarks And Why? Representative Firm-Level Evidence from Germany

Crass

2014

SSRN Journal

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Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW. Non-technical summaryBrands have a ubiquitous presence throughout the economy and in our everyday life. This has its advantages. They enable consumers to identify and memorise products, to determine their origin, and to distinguish products of different providers from each other (Aaker, 1991). The identifiability of a product is an essential requirement for customers to draw on previous experiences with a product while making purchasing decisions. The experiences with the product, even those of others, may prove useful to evaluate otherwise unobservable product characteristics. The evaluation of a product enables customers to assess (i) how functional or effective the product is, (ii) how reliable it is, (iii) how durable it is, (iv) how easy it is to use, (v) how it tastes, sounds or smells and (vi) what side effects it may have (WIPO, 2013, p.81). Positive experiences are likely to lead to repeated purchases, while disappointed customers are more likely to avoid the product. This constitutes an incentive for firms to build a reputation to deliver products and services of a reliable quality, leading to the quality guarantee, implicitly indicated by trademarks. A brand is of economic value only if the respective firm has the right to use this reputational asset exclusively. The registration of a brand as a trademark or through a bundle of trademarks gives the owner a legal monopoly over the protected word, sign, symbol or other graphical representation in connection with the attached commodity. He has the exclusive right to commercially use the protected trademark and is exclusively protected against infringement (Economides, 1998;Baroncelli et al., 2004). Hall et al. (2012) expect trademarks to be "the most widely used" intellectual property right that is "available to essentially any firm". Graham et al. (2013) state that "almost every firm, regardless of size, market, or business strategy, has goodwill to protect". From this perspective, perhaps not every firm but the vast majority of firms can be expected to register trademarks. This paper provides empirical evidence about the proportion of firms that have registered trademarks in 2010 and analyses the role of several firm characteristics that are related to a firm's decision to register trademarks. The empirical analysis relies on a large sample of about 5,400 German firms from many different industries in the German business sector. The extrapolated proportion of 18% of firms with at least one registered...

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Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change

Cited by 387 publications

References 8 publications

Innovation and Productivity across Mexican Manufacturing Firms

Innovation and Productivity across Mexican Manufacturing Firms

De Jure Determinants of New Firm Formation: How the Pillars of Constitutions Influence Entrepreneurship

Which Firms Use Trademarks And Why? Representative Firm-Level Evidence from Germany

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