Tradeoffs for Routing Flights in View of Multiple Weather Hazards

Sauer, Manuela; Steiner, Matthias; Sharman, Robert; Pinto, James O.; Deierling, Wiebke

doi:10.2514/1.d0124

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…5 confronting the operational numerical weather prediction community. As an example, the commercial aviation industry is particularly vulnerable to convective storms, with resulting flight delays and diversions spiking every summer (e.g., Sauer et al 2019). Prediction of severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, and convective heavy rainfall events also requires accurate initialization of convective storms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Reflectivity–Based Model Initialization Using Specified Latent Heating (Radar-LHI) within a Diabatic Digital Filter or Pre-Forecast Integration

Weygandt

Benjamin

et al. 2022

Weather and Forecasting

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A technique for model initialization using three-dimensional radar reflectivity data has been developed and applied within the NOAA 13-km Rapid Refresh (RAP) and 3-km High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) regional forecast systems. This technique enabled the first assimilation of radar reflectivity data for operational NOAA forecast models, critical especially for more accurate short-range prediction of convective storms. For the RAP, the technique uses a diabatic digital filter initialization (DFI) procedure originally deployed to control initial inertial-gravity wave noise. Within the forward-model integration portion of diabatic DFI, temperature tendencies obtained from the model cloud/precipitation processes are replaced by specified latent-heating-based temperature tendencies derived from the three-dimensional radar reflectivity data, where available. To further refine initial conditions for the convection-allowing HRRR model, a similar procedure is used in the HRRR, but without DFI. Both of these procedures, together called the ‘Radar-LHI’ (latent-heating initialization) technique, have been essential for initialization of ongoing precipitation systems, especially convective systems, within all NOAA operational versions of the 13-km RAP and 3-km HRRR models extending through the latest implementation upgrade at NCEP in 2020. Application of the latent-heat-derived temperature tendency induces a vertical circulation with low-level convergence and upper-level divergence in precipitation systems. Retrospective tests of the Radar-LHI technique show significant improvement in short-range (0-6 hour) precipitation system forecasts, as revealed by reflectivity verification scores. Results presented document the impact on HRRR reflectivity forecasts of the radar reflectivity initialization technique applied to the RAP alone, HRRR alone, and both the RAP and HRRR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Reflectivity–Based Model Initialization Using Specified Latent Heating (Radar-LHI) within a Diabatic Digital Filter or Pre-Forecast Integration

Weygandt

Benjamin

et al. 2022

Weather and Forecasting

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“…The adverse weather related to off-nominal flight conditions includes (but is not limited to) heavy rain, convective storms [2], turbulence [3,4], crosswind [5,6], wind shear [7,8], and in-flight icing [9,10]. Adverse weather impacts the flight safety of transport aircraft and the operational efficiency of air traffic management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Assessment of Dynamic Stability Characteristics for Jet Transport in Sudden Plunging Motion

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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In this paper, we present a monitoring program of loss control prevention for airlines to enhance aviation safety and operational efficiency. The assessments of dynamic stability characteristics based on the approaches of oscillatory motion and eigenvalue motion modes for jet transport aircraft response to sudden plunging motions are demonstrated. A twin-jet transport aircraft encountering severe clear-air turbulence in transonic flight during the descending phase was examined as the study case. The flight results in sudden plunging motions with abrupt changes in attitude and gravitational acceleration (i.e., the normal load factor) are provided. Development of the required thrust and aerodynamic models with the flight data mining and the fuzzy logic modeling techniques was carried out. The oscillatory derivatives extracted from these aerodynamic models were then used in the study of variations in stability characteristics during the sudden plunging motion. The fuzzy logic aerodynamic models were utilized to estimate the nonlinear unsteady aerodynamics while performing numerical integration of flight dynamic equations. The eigenvalues of all motion modes were obtained during time integration. The positive real part of the eigenvalues is to indicate unstable motion. The dynamic stability characteristics during sudden plunging motion are easily judged by the values in positive or negative. The present quantitative assessment method is an innovation to examine possible mitigation concepts of accident prevention and promote the understanding of aerodynamic responses of the jet transport aircraft.

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“…Therefore, stakeholders operate on tactical planning level involving modifications in the air traffic flow and capacity of sectors including rerouting of flights [16]. With such a case, setting safety as a focal objective in the air traffic management can satisfactorily benefit not only the stakeholders but also the entire air transportation sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integer Linear Programming Formulation for Post-Departure Air Traffic Flow Management

Bongo

2021

AEJ

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The air transportation domain faces issues in air traffic congestion which leads to delays affecting a network of flights. As stakeholders strive to address such issue by applying air traffic flow management (ATFM) actions, there exists an apparent divide in the solution objective and perspectives. In the extant literature, solution approaches involving ATFM actions are often framed from the perspective of only one stakeholder to another. Such a scheme does not comprehensively cover the overall goal of the stakeholders, thus, provides inadequate, even conflicting, solutions. Therefore, this paper proposes an integer linear programming model for a rerouting problem that satisfactorily incorporates the individual interests of stakeholders (i.e., airport management, airline sector, air traffic management) in the commercial aviation industry and the common goal of ensuring safety in flight operations. The proposed model is designed to tactically select an alternate route when the primary route is constrained due to uncertainties such as inclement weather in a post-departure scenario. A hypothetical case study involving multiple destinations and alternate routes is carried out to illustrate the validity of the model. A Demo version of Lingo software is used to run the proposed model. Notable computational results show significant differences of selected routes as individual system interests are taken into isolation compared to when the general, collaborative model is implemented. In other words, the proposed model is able to show that preferences in alternate routes do vary with the individual interests of stakeholders, more so with the integration of the collaborative decision among stakeholders. Therefore, this research work provides a groundwork to a more comprehensive take of managing air traffic scenario involving all phases of flights. This is realized by providing a proof that significant shifts of decision solutions occur when the overall goal of stakeholders is considered rather than taking their individual interests into isolation.

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Tradeoffs for Routing Flights in View of Multiple Weather Hazards

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Radar Reflectivity–Based Model Initialization Using Specified Latent Heating (Radar-LHI) within a Diabatic Digital Filter or Pre-Forecast Integration

Radar Reflectivity–Based Model Initialization Using Specified Latent Heating (Radar-LHI) within a Diabatic Digital Filter or Pre-Forecast Integration

Quantitative Assessment of Dynamic Stability Characteristics for Jet Transport in Sudden Plunging Motion

An Integer Linear Programming Formulation for Post-Departure Air Traffic Flow Management

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