Traditional and Quantitative Assessment of Acid‐Base and Shock Variables in Horses with Atypical Myopathy

Galen, Gaby Van; Cerri, Simona; Porter, Rebecca; Saegerman, Claude; Lefère, Laurence; Roscher, Katja; Marr, Celia M.; Amory, Hélène; Votion, Dominique

doi:10.1111/jvim.12003

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(124 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The recommended treatment is administration of vitamins, antioxidants and carnitine supporting muscle function and energy metabolism, and medications to limit pain and injury associated with the destruction of the muscles. Appropriate correction of the acid-base and electrolyte disturbances is also of paramount importance (van Galen et al 2013). Nutritional support with a diet rich in carbohydrates and via glucose infusion is recommended to provide energy to the muscle of horses affected with AM that cannot temporarily use lipids.…”

Section: How To Prevent and Cure Atypical Myopathy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The cause of atypical myopathy has been discovered – what should we do now?

Votion¹

2015

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary: This review chronicles the events that led to the discovery of the cause of atypical myopathy (AM). Knowledge of the pathophysiological process of AM has guided the search for the aetiological agent towards toxins that reproduce the biochemical defect identified, whereas epidemiological enquiries indicated that the toxin we were looking for was linked to the environment, especially trees. A toxin named hypoglycin A was known to induce the human Jamaican vomiting sickness, which presents a similar pathophysiology to AM. This human disease results from the ingestion of a tropical fruit borne by a tree of the same family as Acer pseudoplatanus, the latter being consistently found within the vicinity of AM cases. Owing to a collaboration between Europe and the US, it was demonstrated that the toxic metabolite of hypoglycin A was present in the blood of AM cases and further studies confirmed the presence of hypoglycin A in the seeds of Acer pseudoplatanus. An incidence of outbreaks of AM may easily be linked to falling fruits in the autumn, but up to recently, the cause of spring outbreaks was unknown. This review answers the question, "How do horses get poisoned in the spring?" and raises the possible role of humidity or other trees in the disease induction. Recent findings that might be of importance to prevent and/or cure AM are also summarised. The paper concludes with the necessity to continue the recording of cases to help horses' owners prevent AM.

show abstract

Section: How To Prevent and Cure Atypical Myopathy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The cause of atypical myopathy has been discovered – what should we do now?

Votion¹

2015

PHK

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acid-base imbalances (mainly lactic acidosis, measured strong ion difference [mSID], alkalosis, and respiratory disorders) are common in horses suffering from AM [38]. Also electrolyte derangements, such as hypocalcaemia and hypochloraemia, are often reported, and occasionally hypomagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia, mild hyponatremia, mild hypernatremia, and mild hyperkalemia occur [3, 13, 22, 31, 34, 38].…”

Section: Laboratory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other common laboratory findings are leucocytosis due to neutrophilia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, and increased troponin, haptoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), urea, creatinine, and liver enzyme activities [3, 10, 12, 13, 16, 24, 38]. The selenium status varies from normal to severely deficient [10, 12, 13, 16].…”

Section: Laboratory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indicators of prognostic factors have been recently identified by statistical comparison of variables of survivors versus those of nonsurvivors, by the calculation of sensitivity, specificity PPV, and NPV of clinical signs regarding survival status [38, 48]. All methods indicate a risk of survival or nonsurvival associated with certain variables, but this does not mean that survival (or mortality) is certain once a specific variable is present (or absent).…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though serum CK activity can be highly interesting to monitor on-going muscle damage, serum CK activity (at first examination and/or the highest recorded value) was repeatedly found not to be higher in worse cases [2, 3, 38]. Also, serum cardiac troponin I was not correlated with survival [34].…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Story of Equine Atypical Myopathy: A Review from the Beginning to a Possible End

Votion

2012

ISRN Veterinary Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atypical myopathy (AM) is a frequently fatal seasonal pasture myopathy that emerges in Europe. Outbreaks are of an acute and unexpected nature and practitioners should be prepared to handle these critically ill patients. This review retraces the history of AM and describes results of epidemiological investigations that were conducted to raise hypotheses concerning the etiology of this devastating disease as well as to be able to suggest potential preventive measures. Also, clinical studies have contributed to a better definition and recognition of the syndrome, whereas elucidation of the pathological process, identified as a multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD), was a great step forward improving medical management of AM and guiding the search for the etiological agent towards toxins that reproduce the identified defect. Treatment plans can be extrapolated from the described clinical signs and metabolic problems, but they remain limited to supportive care until the causative agent has been identified with certainty. Since treatment is still unsuccessful in the majority of cases, the main emphasis is currently still on prevention. This paper aims at being a practical support for equine clinicians dealing with AM and is based on discussion and comparison of the currently available scientific data.

show abstract