Traditional Chinese herb formulas in diet enhance the non-specific immune responses of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila

Hou, Ting-Long; Liu, Huiru; Li, Chuntao

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.050

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Studies have shown that AKP activity was determined by its optimal pH value, and its activity decreased when the tissue was seriously damaged 45 , similar to previous studies, the AKP activity of soft corals in this study decreased, which indicated that DOX stress changed the pH in soft corals, which may cause serious damage to the structure of its tissues and organs. ACP is a typical lysosomal enzyme, which plays a role in killing and digesting microbial pathogens in the process of the immune response 51 , the results of this experiment showed that the ACP activity of soft coral increased significantly, indicating that acute DOX exposure enhanced the digestion and detoxification process of soft coral 48 , which may be a stress response measure for coral to respond to acute stress environments. DOX can trigger an immune response in corals in the short term, impact their immune capacity and health status, and even cause serious damage to tissues and organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Physiological and biochemical responses of soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to doxycycline hydrochloride exposure

Xu,

Ahmed,

Mahmood

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In light of the rapid expansion of the marine aquaculture industry, there has been widespread and irregular usage of aquatic drugs to combat biological diseases, which significantly impact the neighboring aquatic ecosystems. This study delves into the impact of the antibiotic aquatic drug known as doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) on offshore soft corals, providing valuable data for the responsible use and management of aquatic drugs. In this investigation, we subjected Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to acute exposure to varying concentrations of DOX (0, 1, 5, and 10 mg L−1). We meticulously assessed critical parameters and observed alterations in protein levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, lipid peroxidation (LPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Acid phosphatase (ACP) activity, alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, glutathione (GSH) concentration, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, zooxanthellae density, and chlorophyll content. Our findings reveal that in the presence of DOX-induced environmental stress, there is a significant increase in LPO, MDA, chlorophyll, carotenoid levels, and the activities of ACP, GST, and GSH-Px in soft corals. Simultaneously, there is a noteworthy decrease in zooxanthellae density. Additionally, the protein concentration and SOD activity in soft corals experience substantial reduction when exposed to 5 mg L−1 DOX. Notably, CAT activity varies significantly in environments with 1 and 10 mg L−1 DOX. Moreover, these conditions exhibit a discernible influence on AKP activity, GSH content, and chlorophyll levels. These findings suggest that DOX exposure carries the potential for toxicity in aquaculture settings, affecting protein synthesis in soft corals and influencing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, immunity, and detoxification processes within these organisms. There is also a risk of compromising the coral defense system, potentially leading to coral bleaching. Furthermore, this study underscores the significant impact on photosynthesis, growth, and the metabolic dynamics of the coral-zooxanthellae symbiotic system. Consequently, our research offers vital insights into the mortality and bleaching effects of aquatic drugs on marine corals, offering a foundation for the prudent use and management of such substances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Physiological and biochemical responses of soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to doxycycline hydrochloride exposure

Xu,

Ahmed,

Mahmood

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…LZM is a naturally occurring anti-infective agent that has bactericidal effects on fish and functions as a regulator of the complement system and phagocyte activation ( Hou, Liu & Li, 2022 ). AKP is an important regulatory enzyme that is involved in basic functions in all organisms ( Liu et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nanoplastics on the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Zhu,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Nanoplastics (NPs) are an abundant, long-lasting, and widespread type of environmental pollution that is of increasing concern because of the serious threats they might pose to ecosystems and species. Identifying the ecological effects of plastic pollution requires understanding the effects of NPs on aquatic organisms. Here, we used the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) as a model species to investigate whether ingestion of polystyrene NPs affects gut microbes and leads to metabolic changes in L. vannamei. The abundance of Proteobacteria increased and that of Bacteroidota decreased after NPs treatment. Specifically, Vibrio spp., photobacterium spp., Xanthomarina spp., and Acinetobacter spp. increased in abundance, whereas Sulfitobacter spp. and Pseudoalteromonas spp. decreased. Histological observations showed that L. vannamei exposed to NP displayed a significantly lower intestinal fold height and damaged intestinal structures compared with the control group. Exposure to NPs also stimulated alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme, and acid phosphatase activity, resulting in an immune response in L. vannamei. In addition, the content of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and glucose were significantly altered after NP exposure. These results provided significant ecotoxicological data that can be used to better understand the biological fate and effects of NPs in L. vannamei.

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“…It plays a role in killing and digesting microbial pathogens during the immune response. At the same time, AKP is an important regulatory enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphate esters and is associated with essential functions in all organisms [ 37 ]. Apostichopus japonicus had significantly higher ACP and AKP activities under Vibrio splendidus infection [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in pH and Nitrite Nitrogen Induces an Imbalance in the Oxidative Defenses of the Spotted Babylon (Babylonia areolata)

Ding,

Yang,

et al. 2023

Antioxidants

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In order to reveal the acute toxicity and physiological changes of the spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) in response to environmental manipulation, the spotted babylon was exposed to three pH levels (7.0, 8.0 and 9.0) of seawater and four concentrations of nitrite nitrogen (0.02, 2.7, 13.5 and 27 mg/L). The activities of six immunoenzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and peroxidase (POD), were measured. The levels of pH and nitrite nitrogen concentrations significantly impacted immunoenzyme activity over time. After the acute stress of pH and nitrite nitrogen, the spotted babylon appeared to be unresponsive to external stimuli, exhibited decreased vigor, slowly climbed the wall, sank to the tank and could not stand upright. As time elapsed, with the extension of time, the spotted babylon showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing ACP, AKP, CAT and SOD activities in order to adapt to the mutated environment and improve its immunity. In contrast, POD and GSH-PX activities showed a decrease followed by an increase with time. This study explored the tolerance range of the spotted babylon to pH, nitrite nitrogen, and time, proving that external stimuli activate the body’s immune response. The body’s immune function has a specific range of adaptation to the environment over time. Once the body’s immune system was insufficient to adapt to this range, the immune system collapsed and the snail gradually died off. This study has discovered the suitable pH and nitrite nitrogen ranges for the culture of the spotted babylon, and provides useful information on the response of the snail’s immune system.

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Traditional Chinese herb formulas in diet enhance the non-specific immune responses of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Physiological and biochemical responses of soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to doxycycline hydrochloride exposure

Physiological and biochemical responses of soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum to doxycycline hydrochloride exposure

Effects of nanoplastics on the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Changes in pH and Nitrite Nitrogen Induces an Imbalance in the Oxidative Defenses of the Spotted Babylon (Babylonia areolata)

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