Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Plays a Role in the Liver, Kidney, and Intestine to Ameliorate Hyperuricemia according to Experimental Studies

Xu, Li; Lu, Li; Gao, Jiandong

doi:10.1155/2021/4618352

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In addition, HUA leads to an inflammatory response and triggers the secretion of related inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. 20,46 Our results showed that BBR and STC@BBR-SANPs significantly decreased the elevation of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (Figure 10C-E). Meanwhile, STC@BBR-SANPs (P < 0.01) tended to be superior to BBR (P < 0.05) in IL-6.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…PO and HX were given to all groups to induce HAU model as previously reported. 20 As shown in Figure 2A and B , the HUA model was modified according to the preliminary experiment. 29 Briefly, all mice except control group were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 16–19 UA is produced in the liver by the key enzyme xanthine oxidase (XOD) and excreted through the kidney and intestines. 20 , 21 Meanwhile, adenosine deaminase (ADA) produces hypoxanthine (HX) and xanthine in UA metabolism. 22 HUA can lead to kidney damage, such as apparent morphological changes in the kidney or microscopic morphological changes after H&E staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Assembled nanoparticles Combining Berberine and Sodium Taurocholate for Enhanced Anti-Hyperuricemia Effect

Qin¹,

Li²,

Cheng³

et al. 2023

IJN

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Propose Berberine (BBR) is extensively studied as an outstanding anti-hyperuricemia drug. However, the clinical application of BBR was limited due to its poor absorption and low bioavailability. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to find a novel drug formulation to address the issues of BBR in clinical application. Methods Herein, we conducted the solubility, characterization experiments to verify whether BBR and sodium taurocholate (STC) self-assembled nanoparticles (STC@BBR-SANPs) could form. Furthermore, we proceeded the release experiment in vitro and in vivo to investigate the drug release effect. Finally, we explored the therapeutic effect of STC@BBR-SANPs on hyperuricemia (HUA) through morphological observation of organs and measurement of related indicators. Results The solubility, particle size, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and stability studies showed that the stable STC@BBR-SANPs could be formed in the BBR-STC system at ratio of 1:4. Meanwhile, the tissue distribution experiments revealed that the STC@BBR-SANPs could accelerate the absorption and distribution of BBR. In addition, the pharmacology study demonstrated that both BBR and STC@BBR-SANPs exhibited favorable anti-HUA effects and nephroprotective effects, while STC@BBR-SANPs showed better therapeutic action than that of BBR. Conclusion This work indicated that STC@BBR-SANPs can be self-assembly formed, and exerts excellent uric acid-lowering effect. STC@BBR-SANPs can help to solve the problems of poor solubility and low absorption rate of BBR in clinical use, and provide a new perspective for the future development of BBR.

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mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Assembled nanoparticles Combining Berberine and Sodium Taurocholate for Enhanced Anti-Hyperuricemia Effect

Qin¹,

Li²,

Cheng³

et al. 2023

IJN

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“…The reduced excretion of uric acid causes abnormalities in the renal system [ 118 ]. A treatment strategy for gout and hyperuricemia includes the use of Cortex Fraxini , which is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine [ 119 ]. A study by Wang et al performed a comparative study on plasma of an orally treated normal and hyperuricemic male Sprague Dawley rats with Cortex Fraxini using UPLC-MS/MS method.…”

Section: Detection Pharmacokinetic and Metabolic Studies Of Esculetinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications of Esculetin

Garg

Gupta

Sahu

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Esculetin is a coumarin compound, which belongs to the class of benzopyrone enriched in various plants such as Sonchus grandifolius, Aesculus turbinata, etc. Free radicals lead to the development of oxidative stress causing inflammation, arthritis, cancer, diabetes, fatty liver disease, etc. These further reduce the efficacy of anticancer drugs, activate inflammatory signaling pathways, degrade joints and cartilage, and disrupt the glycemic index and normal function of liver enzymes. For instance, the current treatment modalities used in arthritis such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs, and lipoxygenase inhibitors present limited efficacy and adverse effects. Thus, there is a constant need to find newer and safer alternatives. Esculetin has an immense antioxidative potential thereby alleviating arthritis, diabetes, malignancies, and hepatic disorders. Structurally, esculetin contains two hydroxyl groups, which enhance its ability to function as an antioxidant by inhibiting oxidative stress in pathological conditions. Leukotriene B4 synthesis, NF-κB and MPAK pathway activation, and inflammatory cytokine production are the main causes of bone and joint deterioration in arthritis, whereas esculetin treatment reverses these factors and relieves the disease condition. In contrast, lipid peroxidation caused by upregulation of TGF-β-mediated expression and dysfunction of antioxidant enzymes is inhibited by esculetin therapy, thus reducing liver fibrosis by acting on the PI3K/FoxO1 pathway. Therefore, targeting NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines, TGF-β and oxidative stress may be a therapeutic strategy to alleviate arthritis and liver fibrosis.

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“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique health care resource in China, exhibiting great therapeutic potential in diverse aspects of human diseases. Evidence has established that many TCMs are beneficial to the treatment of hyperuricemia (Xu et al, 2021). For example, Tufuling granules decrease the UA level and inhibit the inflammatory response in hyperuricemic rats (Wu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Si Miao San relieves hyperuricemia by regulating intestinal flora

Qian,

Shen

2023

Biomedical Chromatography

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This study seeks to investigate the therapeutic effects of Si Miao San (SMS) on hyperuricemia and its underlying mechanisms, particularly focusing on the role of intestinal flora. The key components of SMS were identified using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To establish a rat model of hyperuricemia, an intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate was performed, followed by oral administration of various concentrations of SMS. The study evaluated the status of hyperuricemia, renal pathology, xanthine oxidase (XO) activity, and intestinal flora. Utilizing HPLC, we identified five active components of SMS. Following SMS intervention, there was a significant reduction in serum levels of uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine, accompanied by an increase in urine UA levels in rats with hyperuricemia. Distinct pathological injuries were evident in the renal tissues of hyperuricemic rats, and these were partially alleviated following SMS intervention. Moreover, SMS exhibited a dose‐dependent reduction in XO activity both in the serum and hepatic tissues. Notably, SMS contributed to an enhancement in the diversity of intestinal flora in hyperuricemic rats. The intervention of SMS resulted in a reduction in the abundance of certain bacterial species, including Parabacteroides johnsonii, Corynebacterium urealyticum, and Burkholderiales bacterium. This suggests that SMS may exert anti‐hyperuricemia effects, potentially by modulating the composition of intestinal flora.

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Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine Plays a Role in the Liver, Kidney, and Intestine to Ameliorate Hyperuricemia according to Experimental Studies

Cited by 10 publications

References 66 publications

Self-Assembled nanoparticles Combining Berberine and Sodium Taurocholate for Enhanced Anti-Hyperuricemia Effect

Self-Assembled nanoparticles Combining Berberine and Sodium Taurocholate for Enhanced Anti-Hyperuricemia Effect

Pharmacological and Therapeutic Applications of Esculetin

Si Miao San relieves hyperuricemia by regulating intestinal flora

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