Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (XJZ, JSS) ameliorate spleen inflammatory response and antioxidant capacity by synergistically regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in piglets

Chen, Jian; Hu, Nianqing; Mao, Yaqing; Hu, Aiming; Jiang, Wenjuan; Huang, Aimin; Wang, Yun; Meng, Puyan; Hu, Ming-Wen; Yang, Xiao‐Jun; Cao, Yukun; Yang, Fan

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.993018

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The organ index of the spleen serves as an indicator of the potential immune function of the animal (23). The present study substantiates the efficacy of the PCE extract in enhancing the spleen organ index in piglets, aligning with previous research on the utilization of herbal remedies to ameliorate the inflammatory response in weaned piglets (24). The compromised immune system of early weaned piglets, owing to the ongoing development of their immune organs and weakened immune function, renders them susceptible to diseases (25).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder enhances growth performance, diarrhoea and immune function of weaned piglets by modulating gut health and microbial profiles

Xiao,

Li,

Teng

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionThe evolution of nutritional strategies to improve the gut health and microbiota profiles of early-weaned piglets is essential to reduce diarrhoea caused by weaning stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder, a traditional herbal medicine consisting of a mixture of Pulsatilla chinensis, Chinese Schneid and Astragalus extracts (PCE), on the growth performance, diarrhoea rate, immune function and intestinal health of weaned piglets.Methods162 piglets were randomly assigned to the CON group (no PCE added), the PCEL group (300 mg/kg PCE) and the PCEH group (500 mg/kg PCE) at the end of the third week post farrowing. There were 9 replicates of each group with 6 pigs per replicate. The experiment lasted for 28 days and sampling was performed on the final day.ResultsThe results showed that the PCE diet increased the average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight (BW) compared to the CON group. Both supplemented doses of PCE reduced the faecal scores of piglets, and the diarrhoea rate in the PCEL group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. The application of PCE diets promoted the development of the spleen in piglets and up-regulated serum immunoglobulin concentrations to enhance immune function, which was also reflected in the down-regulated gene expression of the colonic TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Supplementation with PCE improved intestinal morphology, and all doses of PCE significantly increased villus height (VH) in the ileum, whereas colonic crypt depth (CD) was significantly lower in the PCEH group than in the CON group. The PCEH diet significantly increased the levels of valeric and isovaleric acid in the colon content. Dietary PCEH also improved the colonic microbial community profile, reflected by a significant increase in Shannon’s index compared with CON group. The abundance of Veillonellaceae and Rhodospirillales was significantly increased in the PCEH group at the family level.DiscussionIn conclusion, dietary PCE reduced diarrhoea rates, improved growth performance and enhanced immune function in weaned piglets. These improvements were potentially supported by altered ileum and colonic morphology, elevated colonic VFA levels, and modulation of colonic microbial profiles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder enhances growth performance, diarrhoea and immune function of weaned piglets by modulating gut health and microbial profiles

Xiao,

Li,

Teng

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…Interestingly, complex interactions existed among different TCM components, commonly called the concept of TCM compatibility. Appropriate combinations would trigger synergistic effects, whereas inappropriate combinations might lead to side effects or toxicity [ 19 , 20 ]. In TCM prescriptions, each component plays a specific role, and the theory of monarch/minister/assistant/guide has been applied to depict the primary and secondary relationships among these components.…”

Section: The Modernization Of Traditional Chinese Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Lab-on-a-chip: an advanced technology for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine

Lu,

Yuan,

Han

et al. 2024

Chin Med

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Benefiting from the complex system composed of various constituents, medicament portions, species, and places of origin, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) possesses numerous customizable and adaptable efficacies in clinical practice guided by its theories. However, these unique features are also present challenges in areas such as quality control, screening active ingredients, studying cell and organ pharmacology, and characterizing the compatibility between different Chinese medicines. Drawing inspiration from the holistic concept, an integrated strategy and pattern more aligned with TCM research emerges, necessitating the integration of novel technology into TCM modernization. The microfluidic chip serves as a powerful platform for integrating technologies in chemistry, biology, and biophysics. Microfluidics has given rise to innovative patterns like lab-on-a-chip and organoids-on-a-chip, effectively challenging the conventional research paradigms of TCM. This review provides a systematic summary of the nature and advanced utilization of microfluidic chips in TCM, focusing on quality control, active ingredient screening/separation, pharmaceutical analysis, and pharmacological/toxicological assays. Drawing on these remarkable references, the challenges, opportunities, and future trends of microfluidic chips in TCM are also comprehensively discussed, providing valuable insights into the development of TCM.

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“…Weaning is a stressful phase of the pig growth cycle and often has a negative impact on the growth performance and gut health of piglets. Especially with the early weaning strategies implemented in modern farming, piglets are challenged by environmental, dietary and psychological emergencies that can lead to immune dysfunction, impaired gut barrier function and microbiota homeostasis, resulting in impaired growth and even death [1]. In recent decades, antibiotics have been widely used as feed additives to reduce the damage caused by weaning stress [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Supplied per kg diet: 10,500 IU Vitamin A, 2500 IU Vitamin D 3 , 83.33 mg Vitamin E, 5.00 mg Vitamin K 3 , 2.67 mg Vitamin B 1 , 10.00 mg Vitamin B 2 , 6.00 mg Vitamin B 6 , 0.05 mg Vitamin B 12 , 48.00 mg niacinamide, 24.00 mg pantothenic acid, 1.60 mg folic acid, 0.25 mg biotin 2. Supplied per kg diet: 79.50 mg iron, 7.50 mg copper, 60.00 mg zinc, 19.50 mg manganese, 0.50 mg iodine, 0.35 mg selenium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus siamensis Improves the Immune Status and Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets by Improving Their Intestinal Microbiota

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Previous studies on the early interference of gut microbiota by Bacillus siamensis (B. siamensis) in weaned piglets are rarely reported, and the present trial is a preliminary study. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of B. siamensis supplementation on the growth performance, serum biochemistry, immune response, fecal short-chain fatty acids and microbiota of weaned piglets. Sixty weaned piglets were randomly divided into a control group (CON) and a B. siamensis group (BS), which were fed a basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with 5 × 1010 CFU B. siamensis per kg, respectively. Each group had 3 replicates and 10 piglets per replicate. The trial lasted for 28 days. The results showed that B. siamensis significantly increased the serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in piglets. Compared with the CON group, the levels of serum immunoglobulin and inflammatory factors in the BS group were significantly improved. In addition, the serum concentrations of zonulin and endotoxin (ET) in the BS group were lower. The dietary addition of B. siamensis significantly increased fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in piglets. Notably, B. siamensis improved the microbial composition by increasing beneficial genera, including Weissella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Bifidobacterium, and decreasing pathogenic genera, including Pantoea, Fusobacterium and Gemella, in piglet feces. Correlation analysis showed that the benefits of dietary B. siamensis supplementation were closely related to its improved microbial composition. In summary, the addition of B. siamensis can improve the immunity function, inflammatory response, gut permeability and SCFA levels of weaned piglets, which may be achieved through the improvement of their microbiota.

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Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (XJZ, JSS) ameliorate spleen inflammatory response and antioxidant capacity by synergistically regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways in piglets

Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (XJZ, JSS) ameliorate spleen inflammatory response and antioxidant capacity by synergistically regulating NF-κB and Nrf signaling pathways in piglets.

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Dietary Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder enhances growth performance, diarrhoea and immune function of weaned piglets by modulating gut health and microbial profiles

Dietary Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder enhances growth performance, diarrhoea and immune function of weaned piglets by modulating gut health and microbial profiles

Lab-on-a-chip: an advanced technology for the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine

Bacillus siamensis Improves the Immune Status and Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets by Improving Their Intestinal Microbiota

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