Traditional Medicinal Plants—A Possible Source of Antibacterial Activity on Respiratory Diseases Induced by Chlamydia pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis

Abstract

Background. Nowadays, phytotherapy offers viable solutions in managing respiratory infections, disorders known for considerable incidence in both children and adults. In a context in which more and more people are turning to phytotherapy, finding new remedies is a topical goal of researchers in health and related fields. This paper aims to identify those traditional medicinal plants that show potentially antibacterial effects against four Gram-negative germs (Chlamydia pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Moraxella catarrhalis), which are considered to have high involvement in respiratory infections. Furthermore, a comparison with Romanian folk medicines was performed. Methods. An extensive review of books and databases was undertaken to identify vegetal species of interest in the context of the topic. Results. Some traditional Romanian species (such as Mentha × piperita, Thymus vulgaris, Pinus sylvestris, Allium sativum, Allium cepa, Ocimum basilicum, and Lavandula angustifolia) were identified and compared with the plants and preparations confirmed as having antibacterial effects against specific germs. Conclusions. The antibacterial effects of some traditionally used Romanian medicinal plants are poorly investigated, and deserve further attention.

Assessing the Phytochemical Profile and Potential of Traditional Herbal Infusions against Aldose Reductase through In Silico Studies and LC-MS/MS Analysis

“…In support of the abovementioned outcomes, the results of in silico screening also highlighted the importance of rosmarinic acid, which presented the highest binding affinity for AR among the selected compounds [66]. Therefore, the herbs M. spicata, O. vulgare and T. capitatus, which contain high amounts of rosmarinic acid and belong to the Lamiaceae family [67][68][69], show promise as herbal preparations with considerable antihyperglycemic activity. Special focus should be paid to T. capitatus because its putative action against hyperglycemia-related conditions may be attributed to the synergistic effect of rosmarinic acid and naringenin, which also presented putative binding affinity against AR [70].…”

A Review of South African Traditional Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Fungal Coinfections in COVID-19 Patients with Respiratory Diseases

“…However, fluconazole-resistant Cryptococcus has been reported, and there is also an increased risk of antifungal toxicity [19]. Phytotherapy is an important solution for treating respiratory infections and diseases in adults and children [23]. Research reports that medicinal plants contain a variety of active secondary metabolites including alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids with antifungal activity [24].…”

Ethiopian Medicinal Plants Used for Respiratory Tract Disorders: Ethnomedicinal Review

“…In order to reduce such risk of respiratory tract infections, the human body has developed a range of strategies including filtering out in the nasal hairs, inertial impaction with mucus-covered surfaces in the posterior nasopharynx and more. In spite of the different strategies developed to defend microorganisms from reaching the lower respiratory tract, the frequency of infection occurrences in the respiratory tract poses serious problems due to their high prevalence with associated significant mortality rates and economic loss [ 3 , 4 ]. Respiratory conditions include bronchitis, common cold, pharyngitis, sinusitis and influenza.…”

“…The rapid development of resistance to the drugs currently in use is one of the major challenges in containing diseases of the respiratory tract [ 18 ]. Traditionally used medicinal plants had been a viable resolution in managing such diseases [ 4 ]. In Ethiopia, respiratory disease is reported among the commonest illnesses for which self-medication has been taken [ 13 ].…”