Traditional Methods of Chronic Recurrent Afthous Stomatitis Therapy

A special place in the pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis is occupied by the state of local immunity, which can affect the clinical course and prognosis of chronic diseases of the oral mucosa. The inflammatory process in recurrent aphthous stomatitis is initiated by stimulation of keratinocytes of the oral mucosa by a currently unknown antigen, which leads to stimulation of T-lymphocytes and the release of cytokines and various interleukins. Cytokines are the main nonspecific humoral factor of immunity, providing the initiation and development of an inflammatory response during the development of a protective immune response. A huge number of works are devoted to the study of cytokine status in recurrent aphthous stomatitis, which plays one of the key roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. However, most of the studies were conducted in patients over the age of 18, in addition, the results obtained are contradictory. This determined the purpose of this study – to assess the cytokine status of oral fluid in children with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The study examined 70 children who were divided into 2 groups. The main group consisted of 45 children aged 7 to 14 years, patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis, during the relapse of the disease. The main group was divided into 2 subgroups: A – 20 children with the duration of recurrent aphthous stomatitis up to 5 years, group B – 25 children with the duration of recurrent aphthous stomatitis more than 5 years. All patients in the main group had concomitant diseases, in most cases, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The control group consisted of 25 practically healthy children without recurrent aphthous stomatitis. In children with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the oral fluid, a significant increase in the concentration of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and a decrease in the concentration of IL-10, an imbalance in the level of IL-2 depending on the duration of the disease, as evidenced by a pronounced inflammatory process of the oral mucosa with epithelial destruction.

Assessment of Cytokine Status of Oral Fluid in Children With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Mannapova¹,

Akmalova

Gimraniva

et al. 2022

Improving the Effectiveness of Local Treatment of Recurrent Oral Aphtae in Patients With Clinical Manifestations of Classical and Mediated Hypersecretory Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Usmanova

Galimova

Mohamed

et al. 2023

This work presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of local treatment of re-current aphtae in patients with clinical manifestations of hypersecretory diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT). Object. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the impact of a diode laser and applications of powdered platelet of autologous plasma relative to generally accepted methods of local treatment of recurrent oral aphtae. Materials and methods. 58 patients with clinical manifestations of K12.00 have been treated. Recurrent oral aphthae were at the age of 25 to 45 years. Depending on the method of local treatment, clinical subgroups – Ia and IIa (15 patients each) received the proposed complex of local treatment, Ib and IIb (14 patients each) treatment according to well-known methods. The effec-tiveness of local treatment was assessed by reducing the degree of inflammation, the intensity of the level of nociceptive pain and increasing the rate of epithelialization of aphtae. Results and discussion. The effectiveness of local treatment was assessed by reducing inflammation, pain and increasing the rate of epithelialization of aphtae. A more rapid reduction in pain and a decrease in the size of aft was observed in the Ia and IIa clinical subgroups during 3.0 ± 0.2 and 3.1 ± 0.2 days, complete epithelialization of aphtae and leveling of all complaints by 4.9 ± 0.4 and 4.7 ± 0.4 days, increased the remission period to 12 months. In patients Ib and IIb, pain reduction and reduction in aphtae size were observed by 3.5 ± 0.2 and 4.9 days, complete epithelialization and leveling of all complaints by 7.9 ± 0.2 and 7.5 ± 0.3 days, aft recurrence was observed by 6 and 12 months of dynamic observation. Conclusions. The in-clusion a diode laser in the local treatment regimen, applications of powdered autologous platelet plasma and maintenance therapy with a course frequency of 2 times a year is a highly effective method and helps to relieve nociceptive pain, inflammation, accelerate epithelializa-tion and regeneration of the mucous membrane and reduce relapses. Summary. The use a di-ode laser and applications of powdered autologous platelet plasma in combination with maintenance therapy is an effective method of local treatment of recurrent aphtae in patients against the background of basic and classical hypersecretory gastrointestinal diseases.

Comparison of Diode Lasers Efficiency and Applicative Agents in the Complex of Local Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Against the Background of Inflammatory Diseases of the Digestive Tract With Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Usmanova

Лакман

Ishmukhametova

et al. 2023

Objective. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the effect of various diode lasers in the complex of local treatment of patients with recurrent oral aphthae on the background of inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. Materials and methods. An examination and a complex of local treatment were carried out, as well as dynamic observation of 58 patients aged 25 to 45 years with the presence of aphthous rashes on the mucous membrane of the vestibulum and the oral cavity itself. The patients participating in the study were divided into 2 study groups. To relieve inflammation, diode lasers with different power and wavelength were used, as well as applications of various means with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, increasing epithelialization and regeneration of the mucous membrane in the area of the aphthous element. The estimation of the level of intensity of nociceptive pain level was assessed based on the data of the visual analog pain scale (VAS). Results and discussion. During the clinical observation of 1–5–7 days, the effect of a diode laser, regardless of the wavelength and intensity of radiation, contributed to a decrease in the intensity of inflammation, an increase in the rate of mucosal epithelialization and a leveling of the intensity of the pain level. A decrease in the intensity of pain was observed on average by 3.0 ± 0.8 and 3.5 ± 0.5 days, complete epithelialization of aphthous elements and leveling of all complaints was observed by 4.9 ± 0.4 and 4.7 ± 0.4 days of local treatment. Conclusions. The inclusion of various types of diode lasers in the scheme of local treatment of aphthous stomatitis in combination with applications are highly effective methods and contributes not only to the qualitative relief of pain, inflammation, but also contributes to the acceleration of epithelialization and regeneration of the mucous membrane in this group of patients. Summary. The effect of diode lasers and applications of powdered platelet autologous plasma, benzydamine hydrochloride and hyaluronidase 64 MU lyophilizate and Ora-Aid self-adhesive patch have high clinical efficacy in the complex of local treatment of recurrent ulcerative stomatitis against the background of inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.