Training and Doctrine

Bowman, Timothy; Connelly, Mark

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199542789.003.0004

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…There are several causes of the variation in the ratio across the reservoir (Bowman 1995), which can significantly increase the errors (see, e.g., Damon and Sonett (Damon & Sonett 1991)): variations of the cosmic-ray flux on a geological timescale due to the changing galactic background (e.g., a nearby supernova explosion or crossing the dense galactic arm); secular-to-millennial variations are caused by the slowly-changing geomagnetic field or by solar magnetic activity; mixing of atmospheric carbon with the surface waters, 'marina effects' or water running from aged rocks and volcanic eruption and even differences in atmospheric circulation in hemispheres.…”

Section: Possible Uncertainities In the Carbon Dating Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we suggest that this increase was caused by supernovas, which are considered the major source of galactic cosmic rays as suggested by Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky (Baade & Zwicky 1934;Ruderman 1974;Atri & Melott 2014;Thomas et al 2016). The streams of galactic cosmic rays caused by the supernovae are likely to increase very dramatically the backround cosmic ray intensity in the solar system and the Earth (Baade & Zwicky 1934;Ackermann et al 2013;Becker Tjus et al 2016) that, in turn, can significantly affect an accuracy of the time dating with carbon 14 isotope during this period as pointed by a few authors (Bowman 1995) including Libby (Libby 1946) who introduced this method.…”

Section: Near-earth Supernova Effects On the Terrestrial Conditions Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reinforcing a Double Dynamo Model with Solar-Terrestrial Activity in the Past Three Millennia

et al. 2017

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By applying Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to solar magnetic synoptic maps in cycle 21-23 obtained with Wilcox Solar Observatory we derived analytical expressions for two principal components and their summary curve of solar magnetic field oscillations defined by dipole magnetic sources. In this paper we extrapolate backwards three millennia the summary curve describing solar activity and compare it with the relevant historic data. The extrapolated summary curve shows a remarkable resemblance to the sunspot and terrestrial activity reported in the past millennia: the Maunder Minimum (1645-1715), Wolf minimum (1200), Oort minimum (1010-1050), Homer minimum (800-900 BC), the medieval warm period (900-1200), the Roman warm period (400-10BC). We note that Sporer minimum (1460-1550) derived from the increased abundance of isotope Δ14C is likely produced by a strong increase of galactic cosmic rays caused by a supernova Vela Junior occurred in the Southern hemisphere.

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Section: Possible Uncertainities In the Carbon Dating Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Near-earth Supernova Effects On the Terrestrial Conditions Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcing a Double Dynamo Model with Solar-Terrestrial Activity in the Past Three Millennia

et al. 2017

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“…98 A married stepparent is more likely to be awarded visitation upon dissolution of the relationship than a second parent in a cohabiting union. 99 Courts are far more apt to award visitation to stepparents than custody. 100 Most states fail to state specific guidelines for awarding stepparent visitation.…”

Section: The Law Of Stepfamilies: More Complexity Less Claritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Mold and Picking Up the Pieces: Rights of Parenthood and Parentage in Nontraditional Families

DiFonzo¹,

Stern²

2013

Family Court Review

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The past few decades have shown us myriad ways to form a family. Married couples and their biological offspring no longer define the dominant model, nor do they constitute the majority of domestic arrangements. But while contemporary culture tends to applaud social diversity, we cannot be certain that novel, highly individualized family formation is always consonant with child well‐being. Further, courts and legislatures have been slow to acknowledge and accommodate domestic diversity. When judges and lawmakers do confer parental rights on a particular class of individuals, the results are not always equitable or even logical. The era of the traditional nuclear family may be past, but the task of legitimating, recognizing, and strengthening new parent–child bonds is just beginning. Key Points For The Family Court Community Even in light of its decreasing relevance, the nuclear family model continues to shape our perception of what a family should look like. The presence of a biological tie between parent and child is not always dispositive of parental rights. Despite the prevalence of nontraditional family forms, the notion of de facto parenthood continues to be hotly contested. Stepparent families are America's fastest growing domestic arrangement. Yet, courts and legislatures are slow to accord legal status to nonbiological coparents, whether married or cohabiting. The use of assisted reproductive technology is on the rise among same‐sex couples as well as infertile couples and single parents. These families are greatly in need of legal definition and validation in order to function and survive as families.

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Far Transfer of Leadership Training: Concepts, Experiences, and Applications

Graves¹,

Pleban²,

Mundell³

et al. 2013

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Military research on training transfer has focused on near transfer, measuring trainees' recall of what they learned. Our focus was on far transfer, which relies on productive thinking and adaptation of knowledge and skills. We looked at far transfer of leadership training received in the United States Military Academy Platoon Leader 300 (PL300) course. We were interested in cadets' experiences using what they learned to address problems encountered in everyday settings. In the first phase, cadets (N=494) completing the PL300 were asked to list key PL300 concepts. Lists were analyzed using word frequency and clustering techniques. In the second phase, cadets (N=87) were asked to describe situations in which they had used what they learned in PL300 (2 to 15 months after PL300). Based on their written descriptions, a thematic framework was developed. The framework was used to develop the Leadership Knowledge Application Scale (LKAS). In the third phase, LKAS was administered to cadets (N=124) completing summer field exercises (10 to 20 months after PL300). Particular themes emerged with respect to how PL300 knowledge and skills were used in the field exercises to address different types of leadership problems. The framework and LKAS may be applied to enhance far transfer of leadership training.

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Training and Doctrine

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Reinforcing a Double Dynamo Model with Solar-Terrestrial Activity in the Past Three Millennia

Reinforcing a Double Dynamo Model with Solar-Terrestrial Activity in the Past Three Millennia

Breaking the Mold and Picking Up the Pieces: Rights of Parenthood and Parentage in Nontraditional Families

Far Transfer of Leadership Training: Concepts, Experiences, and Applications

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