Training Effects on Force, Velocity and Power Relationship in Human Muscle

Kaneko, Masahiro; Fuchimoto, Takafumi; Toji, Hideki; Suei, Kensaku

doi:10.7600/jspfsm1949.30.86

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…range of motion) and energy system contribution. 27,28 Military training requires careful planning when considering these factors in the context of military combat and military commanders should seek to apply the fundamental principles of progressive overload and structured variation 29 within their programmes, otherwise reduced or negative adaptations may occur.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining sport and conventional military training provides superior improvements in physical test performance

Havenetidis

Bissas

Monastiriotis

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Training for both sporting and military performance is common practice within army trainee populations, although it is currently unknown what effect this combination of training methods may have on the physical attributes required for overall physical preparedness. This study examined the effects of sport-specific training on general fitness in a professional military population. Four hundred and twenty-three Greek male army cadets completed a 12-week training regimen involving standard physical training (callisthenics, strength and endurance running exercises) and either general military training (GMT) or sport military training (SMT). A series of physical tests took place before and after the training period: a mile run, pull-ups, 50 m swim and an obstacle course run. Both the GMT and SMT groups showed significant (p < 0.001) improvements in all physical tests. However, the SMT group produced significantly greater improvements in all four tests (pull-ups [p < 0.001], 50 m swim [p < 0.05], obstacle course [p < 0.01] and mile run [p < 0.01]) compared to the GMT group. Furthermore, different types of SMT (e.g. rock climbing and track sprinting) achieved greater improvements (p < 0.001–0.01) in certain physical tests when compared to other forms of SMT (e.g. Pankration, Fencing). These results indicate that cadets undertaking concurrent participation in general and sport military training are overall better prepared for physical performance than their counterparts who undertake only general military training. Military conditioning personnel should be aware of the positive interplay between general and sports specific training in forming a preparation strategy designed for physical performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining sport and conventional military training provides superior improvements in physical test performance

Havenetidis

Bissas

Monastiriotis

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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“…(4) By means of attaching electric-circuit resistance from 0 to 20 [Ω] to hand-held dynamometer, regenerating resistance for training can be produce from 5 to 7.2 [N]. (5) Long-term trainings of senior subject are executed by using the load of the above mentioned (4). Improvement of muscle-force is confirmed with increase of lever-strokes, grasping-force, and muscle area that is clarified with MRI observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Muscle-Power Measuring and Training System by Utilizing Electric Dynamometer for Aged Senior

Yanagihara

Ryu

Mihara

et al. 2013

JSDD

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The ratio of aged senior in Omuta, that author's institute locates in, is increasing. Currently it is nearly 30%, one of the highest levels in Japan. Therefore to guarantee senior's healthy retired life is an important issue for the local government. Thus one of the important missions is to understand their physical health. Generally, in order to evaluate physical performance, Physical Measurement is adopted in Japan. According to "New Physical Measurement" (1) which is edited by Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Science and Technology, Activity of Daily living (ADL) screening is utilized to evaluate the physical performance of senior who is over age-65. In this screening, grasping-force measurement is also utilized as a criteria to evaluate of muscle performance since muscle performances (Maximum Muscle Force) of a person's whole body is in proportion to his grasping-force statistically. Currently Smedley type measuring instrument is used to measure grasping-force. Because it is economy and easy to use. This instrument, however, is based on Hook's law to measure the grasping-force. Therefore in the case to apply it for senior, Senior can tend to do bearing-down action that a person tries to perform his maximum muscle-power with his extreme muscle-tension as possible. This can lead the subject to be under physically stressful and dangerous situation.

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“…As with hypertrophy, when weekly volume is matched, training frequency does not seem to influence the magnitude of adaptations to strength training (69). However, by contrast, a mixed-methods approach (combination of high-load [$80% 1RM] low-velocity and low-load [#60% 1RM] highvelocity exercises) seems to be most effective at enhancing speedstrength (110,113,124,151,209,210,268,275,308,309), although simply enhancing strength in weaker individuals is equally as effective (59,61,62,65,296,297). During a speed-strength phase, the volume loads should be reduced compared with the strength-speed phase to offset any negative effects associated with cumulative fatigue (110,113,270,272,274,275,279).…”

Section: Desirable Physiological Adaptations Required To Enhance Spec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this strategy, strength and conditioning coaches can prescribe a wide variety of exercises from both the strength-speed and speed-strength categories to ensure that the targeted outcomes are developed (Table 1 and Figure 1). Training focusing on heavy loads vs. loads that elicit peak power have been reported to result in preferential adaptations at those specific loads rather than across a spectrum of loads (124,125,151,(307)(308)(309), with the use of a combination of loading paradigms, resulting in greater adaptations across loads (124,209,(307)(308)(309). For example, loads as high 110% of 1RM with the countermovement shrug (force emphasis, e.g., strength-speed) and as low as 30% of 1RM with the jump shrug (velocity emphasis, e.g., speed-strength) have been shown to be an effective programming strategy when integrated into the same phase of training (293,294).…”

Section: Desirable Physiological Adaptations Required To Enhance Spec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

National Strength and Conditioning Association Position Statement on Weightlifting for Sports Performance

Comfort

Haff

Suchomel

et al. 2023

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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Comfort, P, Haff, GG, Suchomel, TJ, Soriano, MA, Pierce, KC, Hornsby, WG, Haff, EE, Sommerfield, LM, Chavda, S, Morris, SJ, Fry, AC, and Stone, MH. National Strength and Conditioning Association position statement on weightlifting for sports performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(6): 1163–1190, 2023—The origins of weightlifting and feats of strength span back to ancient Egypt, China, and Greece, with the introduction of weightlifting into the Olympic Games in 1896. However, it was not until the 1950s that training based on weightlifting was adopted by strength coaches working with team sports and athletics, with weightlifting research in peer-reviewed journals becoming prominent since the 1970s. Over the past few decades, researchers have focused on the use of weightlifting-based training to enhance performance in nonweightlifters because of the biomechanical similarities (e.g., rapid forceful extension of the hips, knees, and ankles) associated with the second pull phase of the clean and snatch, the drive/thrust phase of the jerk and athletic tasks such as jumping and sprinting. The highest force, rate of force development, and power outputs have been reported during such movements, highlighting the potential for such tasks to enhance these key physical qualities in athletes. In addition, the ability to manipulate barbell load across the extensive range of weightlifting exercises and their derivatives permits the strength and conditioning coach the opportunity to emphasize the development of strength-speed and speed-strength, as required for the individual athlete. As such, the results of numerous longitudinal studies and subsequent meta-analyses demonstrate the inclusion of weightlifting exercises into strength and conditioning programs results in greater improvements in force-production characteristics and performance in athletic tasks than general resistance training or plyometric training alone. However, it is essential that such exercises are appropriately programmed adopting a sequential approach across training blocks (including exercise variation, loads, and volumes) to ensure the desired adaptations, whereas strength and conditioning coaches emphasize appropriate technique and skill development of athletes performing such exercises.

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Training Effects on Force, Velocity and Power Relationship in Human Muscle

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Combining sport and conventional military training provides superior improvements in physical test performance

Combining sport and conventional military training provides superior improvements in physical test performance

Development of Muscle-Power Measuring and Training System by Utilizing Electric Dynamometer for Aged Senior

National Strength and Conditioning Association Position Statement on Weightlifting for Sports Performance

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